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1492
1492

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of 1492 is here in full — 192 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.
The _Margarita_, that was the Adelantado’s ship, sailed badly.
There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in 92.
The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.
Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.
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Archivist
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

1492

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of 1492 is here in full — 192 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.
Line 2
The _Margarita_, that was the Adelantado’s ship, sailed badly.
Line 3
There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in92.
Line 4
The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.
/ðə men ɔːl toʊld kruːz ənd ˈɔːfəsərz ənd ædˈventʃərərz wɜːr les ðæn tuː ˈhʌndrəd/
Line 5
Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adventurers noun US /ædˈventʃərərz/

plural of “adventurer” — a person who enjoys taking risks

From this reading “The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.”

captains noun US /ˈkæptənz/

plural of “captain” — an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading “Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.”

crews noun US /kruːz/

plural of “crew” — the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading “The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.”

flagship noun US /ˈflæɡʃɪp/

the chief one of a related group

From this reading “THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.”

Margarita noun US /ˌmɑːrɡərˈiːtə/

a cocktail made of tequila and triple sec with lime and lemon juice

pilots noun US /ˈpaɪləts/

plural of “pilot” — someone who is licensed to operate an aircraft in flight

From this reading “Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.”

Sanchez noun US /ˈsæntʃez/

Venezuelan master terrorist raised by a Marxist-Leninist father; trained and worked with many terrorist groups (born in 1949)

From this reading “Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.”

Tristan noun US /ˈtrɪstæn/

(Middle Ages) the nephew of the king of Cornwall who (according to legend) fell in love with his uncle's bride (Iseult) after they mistakenly drank a love potion that left them eternally in love with each other

From this reading “Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

92

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

Adelantado's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The _Margarita_, that was the Adelantado’s ship, sailed badly.

adventurersnounUS /ædˈventʃərərz/

plural of “adventurer” — a person who enjoys taking risks

From this reading The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

badlyadverbUS /ˈbædli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading The _Margarita_, that was the Adelantado’s ship, sailed badly.

Bartholomew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

captainsnounUS /ˈkæptənz/

plural of “captain” — an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

caravels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

Consolacion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

crewsnounUS /kruːz/

plural of “crew” — the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

Diego

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

Fiesco

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

flagshipnounUS /ˈflæɡʃɪp/

the chief one of a related group

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

Francisco

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

Juan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

Juana

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

largestadjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒəst/

superlative of “large” — above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

Ledesma

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.

MargaritanounUS /ˌmɑːrɡərˈiːtə/

a cocktail made of tequila and triple sec with lime and lemon juice

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

Palos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

Pedro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

pilotsnounUS /ˈpaɪləts/

plural of “pilot” — someone who is licensed to operate an aircraft in flight

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

Pinta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

Porras

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

sailedverbUS /seɪld/

past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading The _Margarita_, that was the Adelantado’s ship, sailed badly.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

SancheznounUS /ˈsæntʃez/

Venezuelan master terrorist raised by a Marxist-Leninist father; trained and worked with many terrorist groups (born in 1949)

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

Sebastian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading The _Margarita_, that was the Adelantado’s ship, sailed badly.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

Terreros

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The _Margarita_, that was the Adelantado’s ship, sailed badly.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.

TristannounUS /ˈtrɪstæn/

(Middle Ages) the nephew of the king of Cornwall who (according to legend) fell in love with his uncle's bride (Iseult) after they mistakenly drank a love potion that left them eternally in love with each other

From this reading Pedro de Terreros, Bartholomew Fiesco, Diego Tristan, Francisco de Porras were the captains of the caravels Juan Sanchez and Pedro Ledesma the chief pilots.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The men all told, crews and officers and adventurers, were less than two hundred.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The _Margarita_, that was the Adelantado’s ship, sailed badly.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE ships were the _Consolacion_, the _Margarita_, the _Juana_ and the _San Sebastian_, all caravels and small ones, the _Consolacion_ the largest and the flagship.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

wrongadjectiveUS /rɔːŋ/

not correct; not in conformity with fact or truth

From this reading There was something as wrong with her as had been with the _Pinta_ when we started from Palos in ‘92.

Chapter 34 of 1492 by Mary Johnston holds 192 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of 1492 contain?

Chapter 34 holds 192 sentences of 1492, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of 1492 by Mary Johnston exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 192 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of 1492?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading 1492

Common questions about reading 1492 by Mary Johnston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of 1492?

Yes. All 7464 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1692 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of 1492 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1692, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does 1492 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1493 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read 1492 section by section

How to work through 1492 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of 1492 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in 1492

Words and structures a reader meets early in 1492, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Morning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 1492; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Palos
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 1492; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jayme
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 1492; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Marchena
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 1492; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.