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1900
1900

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of 1900 is here in full — 51 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for 1900
Context Illustration Reading 7/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Would the troops be in time to save it?
A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.
It is inarticulate.
Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.
They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

1900

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of 1900 is here in full — 51 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 7/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 31–35

Line 1
Would the troops be in time to save it?
/wʊd ðə truːps biː ɪn taɪm tuː seɪv ɪt/
Line 2
A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.
/ə hæf tʃɪr ə hæf kraɪ ʌv dʒɔɪ ɡoʊz ʌp/
Line 3
It is inarticulate.
/ɪt ɪz ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjələt/
Line 4
Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.
Line 5
They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

electric adjective US /ɪˈlektrɪk/

using or providing or producing or transmitting or operated by electricity

From this reading “Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.”

flames noun US /fleɪmz/

plural of “flame” — the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke

From this reading “They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.”

gas noun US /ɡæs/

the state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity

From this reading “Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.”

inarticulate adjective US /ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjələt/

without or deprived of the use of speech or words

From this reading “It is inarticulate.”

men's noun US /menz/

a public toilet for men

mob noun US /mɑːb/

a disorderly crowd of people

From this reading “Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.”

plants noun US /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading “Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.”

preferred adjective US /prəˈfɜːrd/

more desirable than another

From this reading “They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

long breath adjective + noun

In this reading “Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.”

goes up verb + adjective counted as “go up”

move upward

In this reading “A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.”

drop upon verb + particle

In this reading “Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.”

in the evening preposition + article + noun counted as “in … evening”

In this reading “Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.”

in the dark preposition + article + noun counted as “in … dark”

In this reading “They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.

abodes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Would the troops be in time to save it?

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

breathnounUS /breθ/

the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

cheerverbUS /tʃɪr/

give encouragement to

From this reading A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.

destroyedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrɔɪd/

spoiled or ruined or demolished

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

drawverbUS /drɔː/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

dropverbUS /drɑːp/

let fall to the ground

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

electricadjectiveUS /ɪˈlektrɪk/

using or providing or producing or transmitting or operated by electricity

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.

flamesnounUS /fleɪmz/

plural of “flame” — the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke

From this reading They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

gasnounUS /ɡæs/

the state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Would the troops be in time to save it?

inarticulateadjectiveUS /ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjələt/

without or deprived of the use of speech or words

From this reading It is inarticulate.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is inarticulate.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Would the troops be in time to save it?

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.

kneesnounUS /niːz/

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

MennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

men'snounUS /menz/

a public toilet for men

From this reading They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.

mobnounUS /mɑːb/

a disorderly crowd of people

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.

plantsnounUS /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

preferredadjectiveUS /prəˈfɜːrd/

more desirable than another

From this reading They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading They preferred to fight in the dark, or by the flames of rich men’s abodes.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading Would the troops be in time to save it?

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

strainnounUS /streɪn/

(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Would the troops be in time to save it?

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Would the troops be in time to save it?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Would the troops be in time to save it?

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading Would the troops be in time to save it?

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading A half cheer, a half cry of joy goes up.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

Wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Would the troops be in time to save it?

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Men draw a long breath; women drop upon their knees and strain their eyes; they can hear something, but they cannot see as yet, for the gas houses and electric plants had been destroyed by the mob early in the evening.

Chapter 1 of 1900 by Ingersoll Lockwood holds 51 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of 1900 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 51 sentences of 1900, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of 1900 by Ingersoll Lockwood exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 51 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of 1900?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading 1900

Common questions about reading 1900 by Ingersoll Lockwood on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of 1900?

Yes. All 396 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60479 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of 1900 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60479, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does 1900 take to read?

About 33 minutes of reading across 80 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read 1900 section by section

How to work through 1900 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of 1900 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in 1900

Words and structures a reader meets early in 1900, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Terrible
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 1900; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Night
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 1900; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 1900; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tuesday
A word that appears in the opening chapter of 1900; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.