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A Book of Discovery The History of
A Book of Discovery The History of

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of A Book of Discovery The History of is here in full — 68 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
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IS THE WORLD FLAT?
Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.
Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.
Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.
It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Book of Discovery The History of

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of A Book of Discovery The History of is here in full — 68 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IS THE WORLD FLAT?
/ɪz ðə wɜːrld flæt/
Line 2
Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.
/stɪl ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ðə men ʌv ˈeɪn.ʃənt taɪm wɜːr ˈlɜːrnɪŋ fæst əˈbaʊt ðə lænd ənd siː ðeɪ wɜːr ˈwoʊfəli ˈɪɡnərənt/
Line 3
Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.
/ˈhiːsiəd ə ɡriːk ˈpoʊət huː lɪvd ˈsevən ˈhʌndrəd ənd ˈfɪfti jɪrz bɪˈfɔːr ðə ˈkrɪstʃən ˈerə dɪˈklerd ðæt ðə wɜːrld wɑːz flæt ənd ðə ˈoʊʃən striːm ɔːr ðə pərˈfekt ˈrɪvər æz hiː kɔːld ɪt floʊd raʊnd ənd raʊnd enˈkʌmpəsɪŋ ɔːl θɪŋz/
Line 4
Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.
Line 5
It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."
/ɪt maɪt biː ðə ˈaɪləndz ʌv ðə blest ɪt maɪt biː ðə ˈseɪkrəd aɪl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Blest adjective US /blest/

highly favored or fortunate (as e.g. by divine grace)

From this reading “It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."”

encompassing adjective US /enˈkʌmpəsɪŋ/

broad in scope or content

From this reading “Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.”

era noun US /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading “Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.”

flowed verb US /floʊd/

past form of “flow” — move or progress freely as if in a stream

From this reading “Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.”

Hesiod noun US /ˈhiːsiəd/

Greek poet whose existing works describe rural life and the genealogies of the gods and the beginning of the world (eighth century BC)

From this reading “Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.”

isle noun US /aɪl/

a small island

From this reading “It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."”

unknowable adjective US /ənˈnoʊəbəl/

not knowable

From this reading “Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.”

woefully adverb US /ˈwoʊfəli/

in an unfortunate or deplorable manner

From this reading “Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.

BlestadjectiveUS /blest/

highly favored or fortunate (as e.g. by divine grace)

From this reading It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

declaredadjectiveUS /dɪˈklerd/

made known or openly avowed

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

dimadjectiveUS /dɪm/

lacking in light; not bright or harsh

From this reading Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.

encompassingadjectiveUS /enˈkʌmpəsɪŋ/

broad in scope or content

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

eranounUS /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

FLATadjectiveUS /flæt/

having a surface without slope, tilt in which no part is higher or lower than another

From this reading IS THE WORLD FLAT?

flowedverbUS /floʊd/

past form of “flow” — move or progress freely as if in a stream

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

HesiodnounUS /ˈhiːsiəd/

Greek poet whose existing works describe rural life and the genealogies of the gods and the beginning of the world (eighth century BC)

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

ISauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading IS THE WORLD FLAT?

IslandsnounUS /ˈaɪləndz/

plural of “island” — a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."

islenounUS /aɪl/

a small island

From this reading It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

learningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/

the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."

mysteriousadjectiveUS /mɪˈstɪriəs/

of an obscure nature

From this reading Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.

oceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

poetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

sacredadjectiveUS /ˈseɪkrəd/

concerned with religion or religious purposes

From this reading It might be the "Islands of the Blest"; it might be the "sacred isle."

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

sevennounUS /ˈsevən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.

StilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IS THE WORLD FLAT?

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

unknowableadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊəbəl/

not knowable

From this reading Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Still, there was something beyond the water--something dim, mysterious, unknowable.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

woefullyadverbUS /ˈwoʊfəli/

in an unfortunate or deplorable manner

From this reading Still, although the men of ancient time were learning fast about the land and sea, they were woefully ignorant.

WORLDnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading IS THE WORLD FLAT?

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Hesiod, a Greek poet, who lived seven hundred and fifty years before the Christian era, declared that the world was flat, and the ocean stream or the "perfect river," as he called it, flowed round and round, encompassing all things.

Chapter 4 of A Book of Discovery The History of by M. B. (Margaret Bertha), -1939 Synge holds 68 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of A Book of Discovery The History of contain?

Chapter 4 holds 68 sentences of A Book of Discovery The History of, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of A Book of Discovery The History of by M. B. (Margaret Bertha), -1939 Synge exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 68 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of A Book of Discovery The History of?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Book of Discovery The History of

Common questions about reading A Book of Discovery The History of by M. B. (Margaret Bertha), -1939 Synge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Which edition of A Book of Discovery The History of is used?

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Vocabulary met early in A Book of Discovery The History of

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Book of Discovery The History of, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of A Book of Discovery The History of, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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