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A Book of Discovery
A Book of Discovery

Chapter IX

Cover illustration for A Book of Discovery
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.
A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.
The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.
The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.
Roman soldiers lost their lives in the bogs and swamps of Gloucestershire.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Book of Discovery

Chapter IX

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.
Line 2
A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.
Line 3
The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.
Line 4
The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.
Line 5
Roman soldiers lost their lives in the bogs and swamps of Gloucestershire.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Amid preposition US /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading “THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.”

Began noun US /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

43

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

army

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

begannounUS /began/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.

bogs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roman soldiers lost their lives in the bogs and swamps of Gloucestershire.

Britain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.

British

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.

Caesar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

Claudius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

coast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

conquest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.

D

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

discovery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.

earnest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.

Emperor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

EMPIRE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

expedition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

explored

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.

fog

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

gigantic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

Gloucestershire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roman soldiers lost their lives in the bogs and swamps of Gloucestershire.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

hundred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

Isle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.

just

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

landed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

lives

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roman soldiers lost their lives in the bogs and swamps of Gloucestershire.

lost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roman soldiers lost their lives in the bogs and swamps of Gloucestershire.

lying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

mists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

near

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

Northern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.

Ocean

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

overrun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.

PLINY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

real

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The discovery and conquest of Britain now began in real earnest.

resolved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

ROMAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

Romans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.

send

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

soldiers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roman soldiers lost their lives in the bogs and swamps of Gloucestershire.

south

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.

spot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

swamps

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Roman soldiers lost their lives in the bogs and swamps of Gloucestershire.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Roman soldiers lost their lives in the bogs and swamps of Gloucestershire.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.

Wight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Isle of Wight was overrun by Romans; the south coast was explored.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND PLINY In the year 43 A.D. the Emperor Claudius resolved to send an expedition to the British coast, lying amid the mists and fog of the Northern Ocean.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A gigantic army landed near the spot where Caesar had landed just a hundred years before.