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A Book of Discovery The History of
A Book of Discovery The History of

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of A Book of Discovery The History of is here in full — 38 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.
English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.
While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.
News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.
They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Book of Discovery The History of

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of A Book of Discovery The History of is here in full — 38 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.
/ˈkæbət seɪlz tuː ˈnuːfəndlənd ɪt wɑːz noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ˈpɑːsəbəl fɔːr ðə oʊld wɜːrld tuː kiːp ˈsiː.krət ðə welθ ʌv ðə nuː wɜːrld/
Line 2
English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.
/ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ aɪz wɜːr ɔːlˈredi ˈstreɪnɪŋ əˈkrɔːs ðə siːz ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ hændz wɜːr ˈredi tuː ɡræsp ðə ˈtreʒər ðæt hæd bɪn speɪnz fɔːr ðə læst ˈfɪfti jɪrz/
Line 3
While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.
Line 4
News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.
Line 5
They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.
/ðeɪ bɪˈliːvd wɪð ðə rest ʌv ðə wɜːrld ðæt ðə koʊst ʌv ˈtʃaɪnə hæd bɪn riːtʃt baɪ ˈseɪlɪŋ ˈwestwərd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bristol noun US /ˈbrɪstəl/

an industrial city and port in southwestern England near the mouth of the River Avon

From this reading “While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.”

cabot noun US /ˈkæbət/

son of John Cabot who was born in Italy and who led an English expedition in search of the Northwest Passage and a Spanish expedition that explored the La Plata region of Brazil; in 1544 he published a map of the world (1476-1557)

From this reading “CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.”

Columbus noun US /kəˈlʌmbəs/

the state capital of Ohio; located in the center of the state; site of Ohio State University

From this reading “While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.”

Indies noun US /ˈɪndiz/

plural of “indie” — a pop group not affiliated with a major record company

From this reading “While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.”

newfoundland noun US /ˈnuːfəndlənd/

a breed of very large heavy dogs with a thick coarse usually black coat; highly intelligent dogs and vigorous swimmers; developed in Newfoundland

From this reading “CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.”

Portugal noun US /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡəl/

a republic in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; Portuguese explorers and colonists in the 15th and 16th centuries created a vast overseas empire (including Brazil)

From this reading “While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.”

Spain's noun US /speɪnz/

possessive form of “spain” — a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading “English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.”

straining noun US /ˈstreɪnɪŋ/

an intense or violent exertion

From this reading “English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

admirationnounUS /ˌædmərˈeɪʃən/

a feeling of delighted approval and liking

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

AtlanticnounUS /ətˈlæntɪk/

the 2nd largest ocean; separates North and South America on the west from Europe and Africa on the east

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.

BristolnounUS /ˈbrɪstəl/

an industrial city and port in southwestern England near the mouth of the River Avon

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

CABOTnounUS /ˈkæbət/

son of John Cabot who was born in Italy and who led an English expedition in search of the Northwest Passage and a Spanish expedition that explored the La Plata region of Brazil; in 1544 he published a map of the world (1476-1557)

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

Cabots

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

ChinanounUS /ˈtʃaɪnə/

a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world

From this reading They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.

ChristophernounUS /ˈkrɪstəfər/

Christian martyr and patron saint of travellers (3rd century)

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.

ColumbusnounUS /kəˈlʌmbəs/

the state capital of Ohio; located in the center of the state; site of Ohio State University

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

danounUS /dɑː/

an official prosecutor for a judicial district

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

fro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

Gama

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

graspverbUS /ɡræsp/

hold firmly

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

IndiesnounUS /ˈɪndiz/

plural of “indie” — a pop group not affiliated with a major record company

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

infiniteadjectiveUS /ˈɪnfənət/

having no limits or boundaries in time or space or extent or magnitude

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

NEWFOUNDLANDnounUS /ˈnuːfəndlənd/

a breed of very large heavy dogs with a thick coarse usually black coat; highly intelligent dogs and vigorous swimmers; developed in Newfoundland

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

NewsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

PortugalnounUS /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡəl/

a republic in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; Portuguese explorers and colonists in the 15th and 16th centuries created a vast overseas empire (including Brazil)

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

rejoicingnounUS /rɪˈdʒɔɪsɪŋ/

a feeling of great happiness

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.

sailingnounUS /ˈseɪlɪŋ/

the work of a sailor

From this reading They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.

SAILSnounUS /seɪlz/

plural of “sail” — a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

seasnounUS /siːz/

plural of “sea” — a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

Sebastian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

sendingnounUS /ˈsendɪŋ/

the act of causing something to go (especially messages)

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

Spain'snounUS /speɪnz/

possessive form of “spain” — a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

strainingnounUS /ˈstreɪnɪŋ/

an intense or violent exertion

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

treasurenounUS /ˈtreʒər/

accumulated wealth in the form of money or jewels etc.

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

Vasco

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

voyagenounUS /ˈvɔɪədʒ/

an act of traveling by water

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

westwardadverbUS /ˈwestwərd/

toward the west

From this reading They believed with the rest of the world that the coast of China had been reached by sailing westward.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While Spain was sending Christopher Columbus to and fro across the Atlantic to the West Indies, while Portugal was rejoicing in the success of Vasco da Gama, John Cabot, in the service of England, was making his way from Bristol to the New World.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading News of the first voyage of Columbus had been received by the Cabots--John and his son Sebastian--with infinite admiration.

WorldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND It was no longer possible for the Old World to keep secret the wealth of the New World.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading English eyes were already straining across the seas, English hands were ready to grasp the treasure that had been Spain's for the last fifty years.

Chapter 31 of A Book of Discovery The History of by M. B. (Margaret Bertha), -1939 Synge holds 38 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of A Book of Discovery The History of contain?

Chapter 31 holds 38 sentences of A Book of Discovery The History of, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of A Book of Discovery The History of by M. B. (Margaret Bertha), -1939 Synge exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 38 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of A Book of Discovery The History of?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Book of Discovery The History of

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Book of Discovery The History of, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of A Book of Discovery The History of, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of A Book of Discovery The History of, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of A Book of Discovery The History of, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.