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A boys' life of Booker T. Washington
A boys' life of Booker T. Washington

Chapter XIII · Political Experiences

Chapter XIII of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington, “Political Experiences,” is here in full — 45 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A boys' life of Booker T. Washington
Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.
Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.
Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.
Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.
This he absolutely refused to do.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A boys' life of Booker T. Washington

Chapter XIII · Political Experiences

Chapter XIII of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington, “Political Experiences,” is here in full — 45 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.
/moʊst ʌv ðə ˈniːɡroʊz huː ɡeɪnd ˈeni ˈprɑːmənəns ɔːr ˈɪnfluːəns ɪn ðə jɪrz dʒʌst ˈæftər ðə ˈsɪvəl wɔːr ˈentərd ˈpɑːlətɪks/
Line 2
Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.
Line 3
Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.
/ˈevribɑːdi ɪkˈspektəd ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən tuː ækˈsept sʌm kaɪnd ʌv pəˈlɪtəkəl pəˈzɪʃən bʌt hiː ˈstedfæstli rəˈfjuːzd/
Line 4
Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.
/taɪm ˈæftər taɪm men ʌv hɪz oʊn reɪs ənd waɪt men ɜːrdʒd hɪm tuː rʌn fɔːr ˈɔːfɪs ɔːr ækˈsept æn əˈpɔɪntmənt baɪ ðə ˈprezədent tuː haɪ ˈɔːfɪs/
Line 5
This he absolutely refused to do.
/ðɪs hiː ˌæbsəˈluːtli rəˈfjuːzd tuː duː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Congressmen noun US /ˈkɑːŋɡrəsmɪn/

plural of “congressman” — a member of the United States House of Representatives

From this reading “Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.”

Gibbs noun US /ɡɪbz/

United States chemist (1839-1903)

From this reading “Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.”

Greener adjective US /ˈɡriːnər/

comparative of “green” — of the color between blue and yellow in the color spectrum; similar to the color of fresh grass

From this reading “Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.”

Lynch verb US /lɪntʃ/

kill without legal sanction

From this reading “Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.”

prominence noun US /ˈprɑːmənəns/

the state of being prominent: widely known or eminent

From this reading “Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.”

Revels noun US /ˈrevəlz/

plural of “revel” — unrestrained merrymaking

From this reading “Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.”

Senators noun US /ˈsenətərz/

plural of “senator” — a member of a senate

From this reading “Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.”

Smalls noun US /smɔːlz/

plural of “small” — the slender part of the back

From this reading “Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Civil War adjective + noun

a war between factions in the same country

In this reading “Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.”

diplomatic service adjective + noun

the body of diplomatic personnel

In this reading “Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.”

foreign countries adjective + noun counted as “foreign country”

any state of which one is not a citizen

In this reading “Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.”

white men noun + noun

In this reading “Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.”

high office adjective + noun

In this reading “Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading This he absolutely refused to do.

acceptverbUS /ækˈsept/

consider or hold as true

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

appointmentnounUS /əˈpɔɪntmənt/

the act of putting a person into a non-elective position

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

BrucenounUS /bruːs/

Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

CiviladjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəl/

applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

CongressmennounUS /ˈkɑːŋɡrəsmɪn/

plural of “congressman” — a member of the United States House of Representatives

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

countynounUS /ˈkaʊnti/

(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

diplomaticadjectiveUS /ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk/

relating to or characteristic of diplomacy

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading This he absolutely refused to do.

dozennounUS /ˈdʌzən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

Elliott

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

EverybodypronounUS /ˈevribɑːdi/

every person

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

foreignadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrən/

of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

GibbsnounUS /ɡɪbz/

United States chemist (1839-1903)

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

GreeneradjectiveUS /ˈɡriːnər/

comparative of “green” — of the color between blue and yellow in the color spectrum; similar to the color of fresh grass

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

Langston

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

LynchverbUS /lɪntʃ/

kill without legal sanction

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

MostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

multitudenounUS /ˈmʌltətuːd/

a large indefinite number

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

negroesnounUS /ˈniːɡroʊz/

plural of “negro” — a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

officesnounUS /ˈɔːfəsəz/

plural of “office” — place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

officialsnounUS /əˈfɪʃəlz/

plural of “official” — a worker who holds or is invested with an office

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

Pinchback

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

politicsnounUS /ˈpɑːlətɪks/

social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

PresidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

prominencenounUS /ˈprɑːmənəns/

the state of being prominent: widely known or eminent

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

refusedverbUS /rəˈfjuːzd/

past form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

RevelsnounUS /ˈrevəlz/

plural of “revel” — unrestrained merrymaking

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

SenatorsnounUS /ˈsenətərz/

plural of “senator” — a member of a senate

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

SmallsnounUS /smɔːlz/

plural of “small” — the slender part of the back

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

StatenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

steadfastlyadverbUS /ˈstedfæstli/

with resolute determination

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This he absolutely refused to do.

TimenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

urgedverbUS /ɜːrdʒd/

past form of “urge” — force or impel in an indicated direction

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Bruce and Revels had been United States Senators; Elliott and Smalls and a dozen others had been Congressmen; Pinchback, Lynch, Langston, Gibbs, and Greener had been sent for diplomatic service to foreign countries, and others had held high State offices; and a multitude of negroes had been county and city officials of various kinds.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading Everybody expected Washington to accept some kind of political position, but he steadfastly refused.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Time after time, men of his own race and white men urged him to run for office, or accept an appointment by the President to high office.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Most of the negroes who gained any prominence or influence in the years just after the Civil War entered politics.

Chapter 13 of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington by Walter Clinton Jackson holds 45 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington contain?

Chapter 13 holds 45 sentences of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington by Walter Clinton Jackson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 45 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #75144, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A boys' life of Booker T. Washington take to read?

About 157 minutes of reading across 377 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in A boys' life of Booker T. Washington

Words and structures a reader meets early in A boys' life of Booker T. Washington, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

President
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
North
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carolina
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
College
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A boys' life of Booker T. Washington; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.