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A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2
A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 is here in full — 40 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.
1.
The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.
Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.
The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 is here in full — 40 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.
/ðə fɪfˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri/
Line 2
1.
Line 3
The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.
/ðə fɪfˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri ə rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl ˈpɪriəd ɪn ˈmeni weɪz sɔː θriː ˈrɔɪəl ˈdaɪnəstiz ɪˈstæblɪʃt ɪn ˈɪŋɡlənd ðə ˈhaʊsəz ʌv ˈlænkæstər jɔːrk ənd ˈtuːdər/
Line 4
Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.
/faɪv səkˈsesfəl frentʃ kæmˈpeɪnz ʌv ˈhenri viː ənd ðə ˈbætəl ʌv ˈædʒənkɔːrt ənd ɑːn ðə ˈʌðər saɪd ðə lɔːs ʌv ɔːl ˈaʊər lɑːrdʒ pəˈzeʃənz ɪn fræns wɪð ðə ɪkˈsepʃən ʌv kəˈleɪ ˈʌndər ðə ruːl ʌv ðə wiːk ˈhenri vaɪ wɜːr əˈmʌŋ ðə tʃiːf ɪˈvents ʌv ðə fɪfˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri/
Line 5
The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.
/ðə wɔːrz ʌv ðə ˈroʊzɪz dɪd nɑːt kənˈtrɪbjuːt ˈeniθɪŋ tuː ðə prɑːˈsperəti ʌv ðə ˈsentʃəri nɔːr kʊd soʊ ənˈsetəld ənd ˈkwɔːrəlsəm ə taɪm enˈkɜːrɪdʒ ðə ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃən ʌv ˈlɪtərətʃər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Agincourt noun US /ˈædʒənkɔːrt/

a battle in northern France in which English longbowmen under Henry V decisively defeated a much larger French army in 1415

From this reading “Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.”

Calais noun US /kəˈleɪ/

a town in northern France on the Strait of Dover that serves as a ferry port to England

From this reading “Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.”

campaigns noun US /kæmˈpeɪnz/

plural of “campaign” — a race between candidates for elective office

From this reading “Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.”

dynasties noun US /ˈdaɪnəstiz/

plural of “dynasty” — a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family

From this reading “The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.”

Lancaster noun US /ˈlænkæstər/

a city in northwestern England

From this reading “The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.”

quarrelsome adjective US /ˈkwɔːrəlsəm/

given to quarreling

From this reading “The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.”

Tudor noun US /ˈtuːdər/

an English dynasty descended from Henry Tudor; Tudor monarchs ruled from Henry VII to Elizabeth I (from 1485 to 1603)

From this reading “The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.”

unsettled adjective US /ənˈsetəld/

still in doubt

From this reading “The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

AgincourtnounUS /ˈædʒənkɔːrt/

a battle in northern France in which English longbowmen under Henry V decisively defeated a much larger French army in 1415

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

CalaisnounUS /kəˈleɪ/

a town in northern France on the Strait of Dover that serves as a ferry port to England

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

campaignsnounUS /kæmˈpeɪnz/

plural of “campaign” — a race between candidates for elective office

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

CENTURYnounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

contributeverbUS /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/

bestow a quality on

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

cultivationnounUS /ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃən/

socialization through training and education to develop one's mind or manners

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

dynastiesnounUS /ˈdaɪnəstiz/

plural of “dynasty” — a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

encourageverbUS /enˈkɜːrɪdʒ/

contribute to the progress or growth of

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

establishedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃt/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

exceptionnounUS /ɪkˈsepʃən/

a deliberate act of omission

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

FIFTEENTHadjectiveUS /fɪfˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the fourteenth and just before the sixteenth in position

From this reading THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.

FivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

HousesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

LancasternounUS /ˈlænkæstər/

a city in northwestern England

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

possessionsnounUS /pəˈzeʃənz/

plural of “possession” — the act of having and controlling property

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

prosperitynounUS /prɑːˈsperəti/

an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

quarrelsomeadjectiveUS /ˈkwɔːrəlsəm/

given to quarreling

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

RosesnounUS /ˈroʊzɪz/

plural of “rose” — any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

successfuladjectiveUS /səkˈsesfəl/

having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

TudornounUS /ˈtuːdər/

an English dynasty descended from Henry Tudor; Tudor monarchs ruled from Henry VII to Elizabeth I (from 1485 to 1603)

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

unsettledadjectiveUS /ənˈsetəld/

still in doubt

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

VnounUS /viː/

a unit of potential equal to the potential difference between two points on a conductor carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated between the two points is 1 watt

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

VInounUS /vaɪ/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

WarsnounUS /wɔːrz/

plural of “war” — the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading The Wars of the Roses did not contribute anything to the prosperity of the century, nor could so unsettled and quarrelsome a time encourage the cultivation of literature.

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Five successful French campaigns of Henry V., and the battle of Agincourt; and, on the other side, the loss of all our large possessions in France, with the exception of Calais, under the rule of the weak Henry VI., were among the chief events of the fifteenth century.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading The fifteenth century, a remarkable period in many ways, saw three royal dynasties established in England-- the Houses of Lancaster, York, and Tudor.

Chapter 8 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 by J. M. D. (John Miller Dow) Meiklejohn holds 40 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 contain?

Chapter 8 holds 40 sentences of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 by J. M. D. (John Miller Dow) Meiklejohn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 40 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2?

Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2

Common questions about reading A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 by J. M. D. (John Miller Dow) Meiklejohn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2?

Yes. All 4412 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21665 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21665, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 take to read?

About 367 minutes of reading across 883 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 section by section

How to work through A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Periods
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Living
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Languages
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.