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A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2
A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 is here in full — 230 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2
Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.
1.
+The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.
The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”
The country was at peace; and every peaceful art and pursuit prospered.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 is here in full — 230 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.
/ðə ˈsevənˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri/
Line 2
1.
Line 3
+The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.
/ðə fɜːrst hæf ˈʌndər ðə waɪz ənd ˈeɪbəl ruːl ʌv kwiːn ɪˈlɪzəbəθ ðɪs ˈkʌntri hæd ˌenˈdʒɔɪd ə lɔːŋ tɜːrm ʌv piːs/
Line 4
The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”
Line 5
The country was at peace; and every peaceful art and pursuit prospered.
/ðə ˈkʌntri wɑːz æt piːs ənd ˈevəri ˈpiːsfəl ɑːrt ənd pərˈsuːt ˈprɑːspərd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Armada noun US /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

a large fleet

From this reading “The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.””

defeated adjective US /dɪˈfiːtəd/

beaten or overcome; not victorious

From this reading “The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.””

neighbours noun US /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbour” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading “The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.””

plants noun US /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading “The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.””

prospered verb US /ˈprɑːspərd/

past form of “prosper” — make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance

From this reading “The country was at peace; and every peaceful art and pursuit prospered.”

seventeenth adjective US /ˈsevənˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the sixteenth in position

From this reading “THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.”

vine noun US /vaɪn/

a plant with a weak stem that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface

From this reading “The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.””

waned verb US /weɪnd/

past form of “wane” — grow smaller

From this reading “The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.””

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1.

1588

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

ArmadanounUS /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

a large fleet

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading The country was at peace; and every peaceful art and pursuit prospered.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The country was at peace; and every peaceful art and pursuit prospered.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

CENTURYnounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

defeatedadjectiveUS /dɪˈfiːtəd/

beaten or overcome; not victorious

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

dothauxiliary verbUS /dɔːθ/

an old form of “does”

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

eatverbUS /iːt/

take in solid food

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

ElizabethnounUS /ɪˈlɪzəbəθ/

daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

enjoyedverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪd/

past form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

HalfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

merryadjectiveUS /ˈmeri/

full of or showing high-spirited merriment

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

neighboursnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbour” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

peacefuladjectiveUS /ˈpiːsfəl/

not disturbed by strife or turmoil or war

From this reading The country was at peace; and every peaceful art and pursuit prospered.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

plantsnounUS /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

prosperedverbUS /ˈprɑːspərd/

past form of “prosper” — make steady progress; be at the high point in one's career or reach a high point in historical significance or importance

From this reading The country was at peace; and every peaceful art and pursuit prospered.

pursuitnounUS /pərˈsuːt/

the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture

From this reading The country was at peace; and every peaceful art and pursuit prospered.

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

safetynounUS /ˈseɪfti/

the state of being certain that adverse effects will not be caused by some agent under defined conditions

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

SEVENTEENTHadjectiveUS /ˈsevənˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the sixteenth in position

From this reading THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

singverbUS /sɪŋ/

deliver by singing

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

songsnounUS /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

termnounUS /tɜːrm/

a word or expression used for some particular thing

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

UnderprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

vinenounUS /vaɪn/

a plant with a weak stem that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

wanedverbUS /weɪnd/

past form of “wane” — grow smaller

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The country was at peace; and every peaceful art and pursuit prospered.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading +The First Half.+-- Under the wise and able rule of Queen Elizabeth, this country had enjoyed a long term of peace.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading The Spanish Armada had been defeated in 1588; the Spanish power had gradually waned before the growing might of England; and it could be said with perfect truth, in the words of Shakespeare:-- “In her days every man doth eat in safety Under his own vine what he plants, and sing The merry songs of peace to all his neighbours.”

Chapter 10 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 by J. M. D. (John Miller Dow) Meiklejohn holds 230 sentences, grouped into 46 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 contain?

Chapter 10 holds 230 sentences of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2, unabridged, divided into 46 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 by J. M. D. (John Miller Dow) Meiklejohn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 230 sentences, grouped into 46 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2?

Work through the 46 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 46 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2

Common questions about reading A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 by J. M. D. (John Miller Dow) Meiklejohn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2?

Yes. All 4412 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21665 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21665, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 take to read?

About 367 minutes of reading across 883 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 section by section

How to work through A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Periods
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Living
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Languages
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Brief History of the English Language — Vol. 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.