Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
A Burlesque Translation of Homer
A Burlesque Translation of Homer

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of A Burlesque Translation of Homer is here in full — 172 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Burlesque Translation of Homer
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.
The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.
But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.
With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.
Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Burlesque Translation of Homer

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of A Burlesque Translation of Homer is here in full — 172 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.
Line 2
The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.
Line 3
But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.
Line 4
With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.
Line 5
Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cranes noun US /kreɪnz/

plural of “crane” — United States writer (1871-1900)

From this reading “The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.”

goats noun US /ɡoʊts/

plural of “goat” — any of numerous agile ruminants related to sheep but having a beard and straight horns

From this reading “Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.”

mingling noun US /ˈmɪŋɡəlɪŋ/

the action of people mingling and coming into contact

From this reading “Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.”

mustard noun US /ˈmʌstərd/

any of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica

From this reading “Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.”

nimble adjective US /ˈnɪmbəl/

moving quickly and lightly

From this reading “With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.”

proclaims verb US /proʊˈkleɪmz/

third-person singular of “proclaim” — declare formally; declare someone to be something; of titles

From this reading “The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.”

Trojans noun US /ˈtroʊdʒənz/

plural of “trojan” — a native of ancient Troy

From this reading “The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.”

trudge verb US /trʌdʒ/

walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

From this reading “With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

nimble feet adjective + noun counted as “nimble foot”

In this reading “With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.”

brave man's adjective + noun counted as “brave man”

In this reading “But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.”

from morn preposition + noun

In this reading “The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.”

All words in this reading · 123

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

AskverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

bloodyadjectiveUS /ˈblʌdi/

having or covered with or accompanied by blood

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

BothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

capsnounUS /kæps/

plural of “cap” — a tight-fitting headdress

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

chok'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

climenoun

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

crackverbUS /kræk/

become fractured; break or crack on the surface only

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

cranesnounUS /kreɪnz/

plural of “crane” — United States writer (1871-1900)

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

crownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

dwellverbUS /dwel/

think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

earsnounUS /ɪrz/

plural of “ear” — the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

emnounUS /em/

a quad with a square body

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

fisty-cuffs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

foesnounUS /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

goatsnounUS /ɡoʊts/

plural of “goat” — any of numerous agile ruminants related to sheep but having a beard and straight horns

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

Grecians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

GreeksnounUS /ɡriːks/

plural of “greek” — the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

hastilyadverbUS /ˈheɪstəli/

in a hurried or hasty manner

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

KnowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

LikeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

minglingnounUS /ˈmɪŋɡəlɪŋ/

the action of people mingling and coming into contact

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

mistverbUS /mɪst/

become covered with mist

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

mornnounUS /mɔːrn/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

mustardnounUS /ˈmʌstərd/

any of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

muster'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

nimbleadjectiveUS /ˈnɪmbəl/

moving quickly and lightly

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

nosenounUS /noʊz/

the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

pigmies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

poetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

prepareverbUS /priˈper/

make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

proclaimsverbUS /proʊˈkleɪmz/

third-person singular of “proclaim” — declare formally; declare someone to be something; of titles

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

puzzledadjectiveUS /ˈpʌzəld/

filled with bewilderment

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

roguenounUS /roʊɡ/

a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

sheepnounUS /ʃiːp/

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

shepherdnounUS /ˈʃepərd/

a clergyman who watches over a group of people

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

shoutverbUS /ʃaʊt/

utter in a loud voice; talk in a loud voice (usually denoting characteristic manner of speaking)

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

soak'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

softlyadverbUS /ˈsɔːftli/

with low volume

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

sorryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːri/

feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

StealverbUS /stiːl/

take without the owner's consent

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

stoutadjectiveUS /staʊt/

dependable

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

sweatnounUS /swet/

salty fluid secreted by sweat glands

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

TakingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

thnounUS /ˈtiːˈeɪtʃ/

the fifth day of the week; the fourth working day

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

they're

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus muster'd by their leaders' care, Both sides for fisty-cuffs prepare.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

toesnounUS /toʊz/

plural of “toe” — one of the digits of the foot

From this reading But the bold Grecians on their toes Steal softly to surprise their foes, Taking huge steps along the green To get a blow before they're seen, Knowing, a sorry rogue may crack A brave man's crown behind his back.

tossverbUS /tɔːs/

throw or toss with a light motion

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

TrojansnounUS /ˈtroʊdʒənz/

plural of “trojan” — a native of ancient Troy

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

trow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

trudgeverbUS /trʌdʒ/

walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading With nimble feet, in sweat well soak'd, They trudge it, though with dust half chok'd.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

WhetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Thus, when a mist on mountain head As thick as mustard round is spread, The puzzled shepherd cannot keep The goats from mingling with the sheep: So of the Greeks, not one, I trow, Ask him but hastily, could know Whether his nose was on or no.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Trojans toss their caps and shout, And noise proclaims 'em bloody stout; Like cranes that fly in winter time (As poets tell us) to a clime Where pigmies dwell, with whom they fight To th' ears in blood from morn to night.

Chapter 4 of A Burlesque Translation of Homer by Thomas, active Bridges holds 172 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of A Burlesque Translation of Homer contain?

Chapter 4 holds 172 sentences of A Burlesque Translation of Homer, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of A Burlesque Translation of Homer by Thomas, active Bridges exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 172 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of A Burlesque Translation of Homer?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Burlesque Translation of Homer

Common questions about reading A Burlesque Translation of Homer by Thomas, active Bridges on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Burlesque Translation of Homer?

Yes. All 2664 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43723 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Burlesque Translation of Homer is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43723, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Burlesque Translation of Homer take to read?

About 222 minutes of reading across 533 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Burlesque Translation of Homer section by section

How to work through A Burlesque Translation of Homer section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of A Burlesque Translation of Homer to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Burlesque Translation of Homer

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Burlesque Translation of Homer, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Burlesque
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Burlesque Translation of Homer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Burlesque Translation of Homer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Homer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Burlesque Translation of Homer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volumes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Burlesque Translation of Homer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.