Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
A Cardinal Sin
A Cardinal Sin

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of A Cardinal Sin is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Cardinal Sin
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:
"MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."
"You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.
"I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.
"And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Cardinal Sin

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of A Cardinal Sin is here in full — 65 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:
/ðə ˈtestəmənt hæd bɪn ˈrɪtən tuː mʌnθs ˈpriːviəs ənd wɑːz ɪn ðiːz tɜːrmz/
Line 2
"MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."
/maɪ bɪˈlʌvd sʌn wen juː red ðiːz laɪnz aɪ ʃæl hæv siːst tuː laɪv/
Line 3
"You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.
/juː hæv ˈɔːlweɪz bɪˈliːvd miː puːr bʌt aɪ liːv juː æn ˌɪˈmens ˈfɔːrtʃən əˈkjuːmjəleɪtɪd baɪ maɪ ˈæv.ər.ɪs/
Line 4
"I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.
/aɪ hæv bɪn ˈmaɪzərli ənd duː nɑːt əˈtempt tuː ɪksˈkjuːs maɪ fɔːlt fɑːr frʌm ɪt aɪ æm praʊd ʌv ɪt ənd ˈɡlɔːri ɪn ɪt/
Line 5
"And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

augmenting verb US /ˈɔːɡmentɪŋ/

-ing form of “augment” — enlarge or increase

From this reading “"And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.”

avarice noun US /ˈæv.ər.ɪs/

Extreme greed for wealth or material gain.

From this reading “"And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.”

developing adjective US /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/

relating to societies in which capital needed to industrialize is in short supply

From this reading “"And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.”

dowry noun US /ˈdaʊri/

money or property brought by a woman to her husband at marriage

From this reading “"And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.”

foresight noun US /ˈfɔːrsaɪt/

providence by virtue of planning prudently for the future

From this reading “"And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.”

miserly adjective US /ˈmaɪzərli/

(used of persons or behavior) characterized by or indicative of lack of generosity

parsimony noun US /ˈpɑːrsəmoʊni/

extreme care in spending money; reluctance to spend money unnecessarily

From this reading “"And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.”

patrimony noun US /ˈpætrəmoʊni/

a church endowment

From this reading “"And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

accumulatedadjectiveUS /əˈkjuːmjəleɪtɪd/

periodically accumulated over time

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

augmentingverbUS /ˈɔːɡmentɪŋ/

-ing form of “augment” — enlarge or increase

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

avaricenounUS /ˈæv.ər.ɪs/

Extreme greed for wealth or material gain.

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

becomesverbUS /bɪˈkʌmz/

third-person singular of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

BELOVEDadjectiveUS /bɪˈlʌvd/

dearly loved

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

developingadjectiveUS /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/

relating to societies in which capital needed to industrialize is in short supply

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

dowrynounUS /ˈdaʊri/

money or property brought by a woman to her husband at marriage

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

economynounUS /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/

the system of production and distribution and consumption

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

excuseverbUS /ɪksˈkjuːs/

accept an excuse for

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

faultnounUS /fɔːlt/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

finallyadverbUS /ˈfaɪnəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

foresightnounUS /ˈfɔːrsaɪt/

providence by virtue of planning prudently for the future

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

glorynounUS /ˈɡlɔːri/

a state of high honor

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

miserlyadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪzərli/

(used of persons or behavior) characterized by or indicative of lack of generosity

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

parsimonynounUS /ˈpɑːrsəmoʊni/

extreme care in spending money; reluctance to spend money unnecessarily

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

patrimonynounUS /ˈpætrəmoʊni/

a church endowment

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading "You have always believed me poor; but I leave you an immense fortune accumulated by my _avarice_.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

proudadjectiveUS /praʊd/

feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading "I have been _miserly_, and do not attempt to excuse my fault; far from it, I am proud of it and glory in it.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

robbedverbUS /rɑːbd/

inflected form of “rob” — take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

sacredadjectiveUS /ˈseɪkrəd/

concerned with religion or religious purposes

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

sentimentnounUS /ˈsentəmənt/

tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

SONnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

termsnounUS /tɜːrmz/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

testamentnounUS /ˈtestəmənt/

a profession of belief

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

unmindfuladjective

not mindful or attentive

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

UntilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading The testament had been written two months previous and was in these terms:

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "MY BELOVED SON:" "When you read these lines I shall have ceased to live."

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "And this is why: "Until the day of your birth, which robbed me of your mother, I was unmindful of augmenting my patrimony and the dowry brought me by my wife; the moment I had a son, however, that sentiment of foresight, which becomes a sacred duty to a father, took possession of me, developing slowly into a love of economy, then into parsimony, and finally into avarice.

Chapter 12 of A Cardinal Sin by Eugène Sue holds 65 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of A Cardinal Sin contain?

Chapter 12 holds 65 sentences of A Cardinal Sin, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of A Cardinal Sin by Eugène Sue exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 65 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of A Cardinal Sin?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Cardinal Sin

Common questions about reading A Cardinal Sin by Eugène Sue on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Cardinal Sin?

Yes. All 2296 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18832 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Cardinal Sin is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18832, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Cardinal Sin take to read?

About 191 minutes of reading across 460 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Cardinal Sin section by section

How to work through A Cardinal Sin section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of A Cardinal Sin to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Cardinal Sin

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Cardinal Sin, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beautiful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Cardinal Sin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bright
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Cardinal Sin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Morning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Cardinal Sin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Month
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Cardinal Sin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.