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A Child's History of England
A Child's History of England

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of A Child's History of England is here in full — 66 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.
For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.
They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.
As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.
The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Child's History of England

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of A Child's History of England is here in full — 66 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.
/ˈeɪn.ʃənt ˈɪŋɡlənd ˈʌndər ðə ˈɜːrli ˈsæksənz ðə ˈroʊmənz hæd ˈskersli ɡɔːn əˈweɪ frʌm ˈbrɪtən wen ðə ˈbrɪtənz bɪˈɡæn tuː wɪʃ ðeɪ hæd ˈnevər left ɪt/
Line 2
For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.
Line 3
They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.
/ðeɪ ˈplʌndərd ðə ˈrɪtʃəst taʊnz ənd kɪld ðə ˈpiːpəl ənd keɪm bæk soʊ ˈɔːfən fɔːr mɔːr ˈbuːti ənd mɔːr ˈslɔːtər ðæt ðə ənˈfɔːrtʃənət ˈbrɪtənz lɪvd ə laɪf ʌv ˈterər/
Line 4
As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.
Line 5
The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.
/ðə priːsts ˈbiːɪŋ ˈveri ˈæŋɡri wɪð wʌn əˈnʌðər ɑːn ðiːz ˈkwestʃənz kɜːrst wʌn əˈnʌðər ɪn ðə ˈhɑːrtiəst ˈmænər ənd ˌʌnˈkɑːmənli laɪk ðə oʊld ˈdruːɪdz kɜːrst ɔːl ðə ˈpiːpəl huːm ðeɪ kʊd nɑːt pərˈsweɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Britons noun US /ˈbrɪtənz/

plural of “briton” — a native or inhabitant of Great Britain

From this reading “ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.”

Druids noun US /ˈdruːɪdz/

plural of “druid” — a pre-Christian priest among the Celts of ancient Gaul and Britain and Ireland

From this reading “The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.”

heartiest adjective US /ˈhɑːrtiəst/

superlative of “hearty” — showing warm and heartfelt friendliness

From this reading “The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.”

islanders noun US /ˈaɪləndərz/

plural of “islander” — an inhabitant of an island

From this reading “As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.”

plundered adjective US /ˈplʌndərd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading “They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.”

saxons noun US /ˈsæksənz/

plural of “saxon” — a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading “ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.”

swarms noun US /swɔːrmz/

plural of “swarm” — a moving crowd

From this reading “For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.”

unguarded adjective US /ənˈɡɑːrdɪd/

lacking protection or a guard

From this reading “For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

ANCIENTadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

angryadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡri/

feeling or showing anger

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

attackedverbUS /əˈtækt/

past form of “attack” — launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

bitterlyadverbUS /ˈbɪtərli/

with bitterness; in a resentful manner

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

bootynounUS /ˈbuːti/

goods or money obtained illegally

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

BritainnounUS /ˈbrɪtən/

a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; “Great Britain” is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

BritonsnounUS /ˈbrɪtənz/

plural of “briton” — a native or inhabitant of Great Britain

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

cursedadjectiveUS /kɜːrst/

deserving a curse; sometimes used as an intensifier

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

DruidsnounUS /ˈdruːɪdz/

plural of “druid” — a pre-Christian priest among the Celts of ancient Gaul and Britain and Ireland

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

EARLYadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

ENGLANDnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

heartiestadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrtiəst/

superlative of “hearty” — showing warm and heartfelt friendliness

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

islandersnounUS /ˈaɪləndərz/

plural of “islander” — an inhabitant of an island

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

numbersnounUS /ˈnʌmbərz/

the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

persuadeverbUS /pərˈsweɪd/

win approval or support for

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

Picts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

plunderedadjectiveUS /ˈplʌndərd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

pouringadjectiveUS /ˈpɔːrɪŋ/

flowing profusely

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

prayersnounUS /prerz/

plural of “prayer” — the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

priestsnounUS /priːsts/

plural of “priest” — a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

quarrelled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

reducedadjectiveUS /rəˈduːst/

made less in size or amount or degree

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

richestadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃəst/

superlative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

RomansnounUS /ˈroʊmənz/

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

SAXONSnounUS /ˈsæksənz/

plural of “saxon” — a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

ScotsnounUS /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

Severus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

slaughternounUS /ˈslɔːtər/

the killing of animals (as for food)

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

swarmsnounUS /swɔːrmz/

plural of “swarm” — a moving crowd

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

townsnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

uncommonlyadverbUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːmənli/

exceptionally

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

UNDERprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading They plundered the richest towns, and killed the people; and came back so often for more booty and more slaughter, that the unfortunate Britons lived a life of terror.

unguardedadjectiveUS /ənˈɡɑːrdɪd/

lacking protection or a guard

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

wantingadjectiveUS /ˈwɑːntɪŋ/

nonexistent

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

warsnounUS /wɔːrz/

plural of “war” — the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading For, the Romans being gone, and the Britons being much reduced in numbers by their long wars, the Picts and Scots came pouring in, over the broken and unguarded wall of Severus, in swarms.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading As if the Picts and Scots were not bad enough on land, the Saxons attacked the islanders by sea; and, as if something more were still wanting to make them miserable, they quarrelled bitterly among themselves as to what prayers they ought to say, and how they ought to say them.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading ANCIENT ENGLAND UNDER THE EARLY SAXONS The Romans had scarcely gone away from Britain, when the Britons began to wish they had never left it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The priests, being very angry with one another on these questions, cursed one another in the heartiest manner; and (uncommonly like the old Druids) cursed all the people whom they could not persuade.

Chapter 2 of A Child's History of England by Charles Dickens holds 66 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of A Child's History of England contain?

Chapter 2 holds 66 sentences of A Child's History of England, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of A Child's History of England by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 66 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of A Child's History of England?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Child's History of England

Common questions about reading A Child's History of England by Charles Dickens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Child's History of England?

Yes. All 5406 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #699 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Child's History of England is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #699, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Child's History of England take to read?

About 450 minutes of reading across 1082 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Child's History of England section by section

How to work through A Child's History of England section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Child's History of England

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Child's History of England, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Left-hand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Upper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Corner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.