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A Child's History of England
A Child's History of England

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of A Child's History of England is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
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ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.
Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.
Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.
But he hadas most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have hadan excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.
The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Child's History of England

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of A Child's History of England is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.
Line 2
Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.
/twaɪs ɪn hɪz ˈtʃaɪldhʊd hiː hæd bɪn ˈteɪkən tuː roʊm wer ðə ˈsæksən ˈnoʊbəlz wɜːr ɪn ðə ˈhæbət ʌv ˈɡoʊɪŋ ɑːn ˈdʒɜːrniz wɪtʃ ðeɪ səˈpoʊzd tuː biː rɪˈlɪdʒəs ənd wʌns hiː hæd steɪd fɔːr sʌm taɪm ɪn ˈperɪs/
Line 3
Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.
Line 4
But he hadas most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have hadan excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.
Line 5
The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is calledilluminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.
/ðə ɑːrt ʌv ˈprɪntɪŋ wɑːz nɑːt noʊn ənˈtɪl lɔːŋ ənd lɔːŋ ˈæftər ðæt ˈpɪriəd ənd ðə bʊk wɪtʃ wɑːz ˈrɪtən wɑːz wʌt ɪz kɔːld ˌɪˈluːməneɪtəd wɪð ˈbjuːtəfəl braɪt ˈletərz ˈrɪtʃli ˈpeɪntɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alfred noun US /ˈælfrəd/

king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)

From this reading “ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.”

illuminated adjective US /ˌɪˈluːməneɪtəd/

provided with artificial light

From this reading “The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.”

journeys noun US /ˈdʒɜːrniz/

plural of “journey” — the act of traveling from one place to another

From this reading “Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.”

nobles noun US /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading “Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.”

printing noun US /ˈprɪntɪŋ/

text handwritten in the style of printed matter

From this reading “The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.”

richly adverb US /ˈrɪtʃli/

to an ample degree or in an ample manner

From this reading “The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.”

saxon noun US /ˈsæksən/

a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading “ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.”

youngest adjective US /ˈjʌŋɡəst/

superlative of “young” — (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading “Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

ALFREDnounUS /ˈælfrəd/

king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

caredverbUS /kerd/

past form of “care” — feel concern or interest

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

childhoodnounUS /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/

the time of person's life when they are a child

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

ENGLANDnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

Ethelwulf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

favouritenounUS /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

a competitor thought likely to win

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

GOODadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

illuminatedadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈluːməneɪtəd/

provided with artificial light

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

journeysnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrniz/

plural of “journey” — the act of traveling from one place to another

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

LearningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/

the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

noblesnounUS /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

Osburga

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

paintedadjectiveUS /ˈpeɪntɪd/

coated with paint

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

printingnounUS /ˈprɪntɪŋ/

text handwritten in the style of printed matter

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

religiousadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

richlyadverbUS /ˈrɪtʃli/

to an ample degree or in an ample manner

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

SAXONnounUS /ˈsæksən/

a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

stayedverbUS /steɪd/

past form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

three-and-twenty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

TwiceadverbUS /twaɪs/

two times

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

UNDERprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Twice in his childhood, he had been taken to Rome, where the Saxon nobles were in the habit of going on journeys which they supposed to be religious; and, once, he had stayed for some time in Paris.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading But he had—as most men who grow up to be great and good are generally found to have had—an excellent mother; and, one day, this lady, whose name was Osburga, happened, as she was sitting among her sons, to read a book of Saxon poetry.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading The art of printing was not known until long and long after that period, and the book, which was written, was what is called ‘illuminated,’ with beautiful bright letters, richly painted.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER THE GOOD SAXON, ALFRED Alfred the Great was a young man, three-and-twenty years of age, when he became king.

youngestadjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡəst/

superlative of “young” — (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Learning, however, was so little cared for, then, that at twelve years old he had not been taught to read; although, of the sons of King Ethelwulf, he, the youngest, was the favourite.

Chapter 3 of A Child's History of England by Charles Dickens holds 76 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of A Child's History of England contain?

Chapter 3 holds 76 sentences of A Child's History of England, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of A Child's History of England by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 76 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of A Child's History of England?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Child's History of England

Common questions about reading A Child's History of England by Charles Dickens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Child's History of England?

Yes. All 5406 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #699 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Child's History of England is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #699, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Child's History of England take to read?

About 450 minutes of reading across 1082 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Child's History of England section by section

How to work through A Child's History of England section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of A Child's History of England to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Child's History of England

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Child's History of England, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Left-hand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Upper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Corner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.