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A Child's History of England
A Child's History of England

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of A Child's History of England is here in full — 161 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.
The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.
As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the besteven of princeswhom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.
To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.
The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s unclecommonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronouncedwas supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Child's History of England

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of A Child's History of England is here in full — 161 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.
Line 2
The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.
/ðə hoʊl ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈneɪʃən wɜːr ˈredi tuː ædˈmaɪr hɪm fɔːr ðə seɪk ʌv hɪz breɪv ˈfɑːðər/
Line 3
As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the besteven of princeswhom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.
Line 4
To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.
/tuː ˈflætər ə puːr bɔɪ ɪn ðɪs beɪs ˈmænər wɑːz nɑːt ə ˈveri ˈlaɪkli weɪ tuː dɪˈveləp ˌwʌˈtevər ɡʊd wɑːz ɪn hɪm ənd ɪt brɔːt hɪm tuː ˈeniθɪŋ bʌt ə ɡʊd ɔːr ˈhæpi end/
Line 5
The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s unclecommonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronouncedwas supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

commonly adverb US /ˈkɑːmənli/

under normal conditions

From this reading “The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.”

develop verb US /dɪˈveləp/

make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation

From this reading “To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.”

flatter verb US /ˈflætər/

praise somewhat dishonestly

From this reading “To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.”

Gaunt adjective US /ɡɔːnt/

very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold

From this reading “The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.”

Ghent noun US /ɡent/

port city in northwestern Belgium and industrial center; famous for cloth industry

From this reading “The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.”

Lancaster noun US /ˈlænkæstər/

a city in northwestern England

From this reading “The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.”

submitted verb US /səbˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading “The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.”

wisest adjective US /ˈwaɪzəst/

superlative of “wise” — having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading “As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

admireverbUS /ædˈmaɪr/

feel admiration for

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

basenounUS /beɪs/

installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

BlackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

commonlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːmənli/

under normal conditions

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

CrownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

declareverbUS /dɪˈkler/

state emphatically and authoritatively

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

declaredadjectiveUS /dɪˈklerd/

made known or openly avowed

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

developverbUS /dɪˈveləp/

make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

elevenadjectiveUS /ɪˈlevən/

being one more than ten

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

ENGLANDnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

flatterverbUS /ˈflætər/

praise somewhat dishonestly

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

GauntadjectiveUS /ɡɔːnt/

very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

GhentnounUS /ɡent/

port city in northwestern Belgium and industrial center; famous for cloth industry

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

King'snounUS /kɪŋz/

possessive form of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

LancasternounUS /ˈlænkæstər/

a city in northwestern England

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

lordsnounUS /lɔːrdz/

plural of “lord” — terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

nephewnounUS /ˈnefjuː/

a son of your brother or sister

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

PrincenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

princesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəz/

plural of “prince” — a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

pronouncedadjectiveUS /prəˈnaʊnst/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

RICHARD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

SECONDnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

submittedverbUS /səbˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

thronenounUS /θroʊn/

the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc.

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

unclenounUS /ˈʌŋkəl/

the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

UNDERprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading To flatter a poor boy in this base manner was not a very likely way to develop whatever good was in him; and it brought him to anything but a good or happy end.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The whole English nation were ready to admire him for the sake of his brave father.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

wisestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪzəst/

superlative of “wise” — having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading As to the lords and ladies about the Court, they declared him to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best—even of princes—whom the lords and ladies about the Court, generally declare to be the most beautiful, the wisest, and the best of mankind.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading ENGLAND UNDER RICHARD THE SECOND Richard, son of the Black Prince, a boy eleven years of age, succeeded to the Crown under the title of King Richard the Second.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The Duke of Lancaster, the young King’s uncle—commonly called John of Gaunt, from having been born at Ghent, which the common people so pronounced—was supposed to have some thoughts of the throne himself; but, as he was not popular, and the memory of the Black Prince was, he submitted to his nephew.

Chapter 19 of A Child's History of England by Charles Dickens holds 161 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of A Child's History of England contain?

Chapter 19 holds 161 sentences of A Child's History of England, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of A Child's History of England by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 161 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of A Child's History of England?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Child's History of England

Common questions about reading A Child's History of England by Charles Dickens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Child's History of England?

Yes. All 5406 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #699 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Child's History of England is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #699, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Child's History of England take to read?

About 450 minutes of reading across 1082 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Child's History of England section by section

How to work through A Child's History of England section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of A Child's History of England to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Child's History of England

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Child's History of England, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Left-hand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Upper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Corner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Child's History of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.