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A Chinese Command
A Chinese Command

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of A Chinese Command is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.
But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.
To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.
They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.
The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Chinese Command

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of A Chinese Command is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.
Line 2
But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.
Line 3
To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.
Line 4
They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.
Line 5
The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

downstream adverb US /ˈdaʊnˈstriːm/

away from the source or with the current

From this reading “The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.”

edging noun US /ˈedʒɪŋ/

border consisting of anything placed on the edge to finish something (such as a fringe on clothing or on a rug)

From this reading “The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.”

effeminate adjective US /iˈfemɪnət/

having unsuitable feminine qualities

From this reading “Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.”

ensure verb US /enˈʃʊr/

make certain of

From this reading “To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.”

fleets noun US /fliːts/

plural of “fleet” — group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading “The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.”

Han noun US /hɑːn/

imperial dynasty that ruled China (most of the time from 206 BC to AD 220) and expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy; remembered as one of the great eras of Chinese civilization

From this reading “But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.”

Koreans noun US /ˌkɔːˈriːənz/

plural of “korean” — a native or inhabitant of Korea who speaks the Korean language

From this reading “Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.”

squadrons noun US /ˈskwɑːdrənz/

plural of “squadron” — a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading “The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.”

All words in this reading · 137

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

admireverbUS /ædˈmaɪr/

feel admiration for

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

adoptedadjectiveUS /əˈdɑːptɪd/

acquired as your own by free choice

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

ammunitionnounUS /ˌæmjəˈnɪʃən/

projectiles to be fired from a gun

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

avoidverbUS /əˈvɔɪd/

stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

capturedverbUS /ˈkæptʃərd/

past form of “capture” — succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

casesnounUS /ˈkeɪsəz/

plural of “case” — an occurrence of something

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

characteristicsnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪks/

plural of “characteristic” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

closeradverbUS /ˈkloʊsər/

(comparative of “near” or “close”) within a shorter distance

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

conductingnounUS /kənˈdʌktɪŋ/

the way of administering a business

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

conflictnounUS /ˈkɑːnflɪkt/

an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

congratulatedverbUS /kənˈɡrætʃəleɪtɪd/

past form of “congratulate” — say something to someone that expresses praise

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

contentsnounUS /ˈkɑːntents/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

cowardlyadjectiveUS /ˈkaʊərdli/

lacking courage; ignobly timid and faint-hearted

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

cunningadjectiveUS /ˈkʌnɪŋ/

attractive especially by means of smallness or prettiness or quaintness

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

decknounUS /dek/

any of various platforms built into a vessel

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

downstreamadverbUS /ˈdaʊnˈstriːm/

away from the source or with the current

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

eageradjectiveUS /ˈiːɡər/

having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

EastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

edgingnounUS /ˈedʒɪŋ/

border consisting of anything placed on the edge to finish something (such as a fringe on clothing or on a rug)

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

effeminateadjectiveUS /iˈfemɪnət/

having unsuitable feminine qualities

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

engageverbUS /enˈɡeɪdʒ/

carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

ensureverbUS /enˈʃʊr/

make certain of

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

expedientadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspiːdiənt/

serving to promote your interest

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

failverbUS /feɪl/

fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

fleetsnounUS /fliːts/

plural of “fleet” — group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

Frobishernoun

English explorer who led an expedition in search of the Northwest Passage to the orient; served under Drake and helped defeat the Spanish Armada (1535-1594)

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

Frobisher's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

HannounUS /hɑːn/

imperial dynasty that ruled China (most of the time from 206 BC to AD 220) and expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy; remembered as one of the great eras of Chinese civilization

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

heapnounUS /hiːp/

a collection of objects laid on top of each other

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

KoreansnounUS /ˌkɔːˈriːənz/

plural of “korean” — a native or inhabitant of Korea who speaks the Korean language

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

lacknounUS /læk/

the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

lighter's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

pilenounUS /paɪl/

a collection of objects laid on top of each other

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

pinnacenoun

a boat for communication between ship and shore

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

previouslyadverbUS /ˈpriːviəsli/

at an earlier time or formerly

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

prisonernounUS /ˈprɪzənər/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

reducedadjectiveUS /rəˈduːst/

made less in size or amount or degree

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

repeatverbUS /rɪˈpiːt/

to say, state, or perform again

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

sanguinaryadjective

accompanied by bloodshed

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

soldiersnounUS /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

plural of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

speedverbUS /spiːd/

move hurridly

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

squadronsnounUS /ˈskwɑːdrənz/

plural of “squadron” — a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

steamverbUS /stiːm/

travel by means of steam power

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading To ensure that there should be no lack of ammunition the soldiers had adopted the same expedient as Frobisher's at the camp.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

treacherynounUS /ˈtretʃ.ər.i/

Betrayal of trust; deceptive action or disloyalty against a host or ally.

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The two squadrons were soon running downstream level with each other, the steam pinnace having reduced speed so that she might not pass the Koreans; and both fleets were gradually edging closer and still closer together.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

vigournoun

forceful exertion

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They had opened up several of the captured cases of ammunition, and had thrown their contents into one big heap in the middle of the lighter's deck, so that every man might the more easily help himself; and the prisoner congratulated himself that he was at some distance from the pile, for he had no desire to repeat his experience of a few days previously.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading But, whatever the characteristics of the nation as a whole might be, he could not fail to admire the vigour and energy with which both sides were conducting this already sanguinary little battle on the waters of the Han.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Before coming to the East, Frobisher had believed, in common with many other people, that the Koreans were a cowardly and effeminate race, always more eager to avoid than to engage in a conflict--a race which brought about its ends by cunning and treachery rather than by force of arms.

Chapter 3 of A Chinese Command by Harry Collingwood holds 403 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of A Chinese Command contain?

Chapter 3 holds 403 sentences of A Chinese Command, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of A Chinese Command by Harry Collingwood exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 403 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of A Chinese Command?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Chinese Command

Common questions about reading A Chinese Command by Harry Collingwood on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Chinese Command?

Yes. All 3176 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23118 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Chinese Command is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23118, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Chinese Command take to read?

About 264 minutes of reading across 636 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through A Chinese Command section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of A Chinese Command to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Chinese Command

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Chinese Command, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chinese
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Chinese Command; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Command
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Chinese Command; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Chinese Command; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Adventure
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Chinese Command; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.