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A Christian But a Roman
A Christian But a Roman

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of A Christian But a Roman is here in full — 352 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Christian But a Roman
Context Illustration Reading 1/70 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.
A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.
Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.
In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.
Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Christian But a Roman

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of A Christian But a Roman is here in full — 352 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/70 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.
/ðer wɑːz noʊ ˈteɪbəl ʌv ˈkɑːntents ɪn ðə ərˈɪdʒənəl ˈpeɪpər əˈdɪʃən/
Line 2
A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.
/ə ˈteɪbəl ʌv ˈkɑːntents hæz bɪn kriˈeɪtəd fɔːr ðə kənˈviːnjəns ʌv ðə ˈriːdər/
Line 3
Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.
Line 4
In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.
Line 5
Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Caesars noun US /ˈsiːzərz/

plural of “caesar” — conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading “In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.”

hungarian adjective US /həŋˈɡeriən/

relating to or characteristic of Hungary

From this reading “Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.”

nabob noun US /ˈnæbɑːb/

a governor in India during the Mogul empire

From this reading “Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.”

patricians noun US /pəˈtrɪʃənz/

plural of “patrician” — a person of refined upbringing and manners

From this reading “Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.”

plutocrats noun US /ˈpluːtəkræts/

plural of “plutocrat” — someone who exercises power by virtue of wealth

From this reading “Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.”

sculptor noun US /ˈskʌlptər/

an artist who creates sculptures

From this reading “Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.”

vied verb US /vaɪd/

past form of “vie” — compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others

From this reading “In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.”

villas noun US /ˈvɪləz/

plural of “villa” — Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)

From this reading “Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

whole region adjective + noun

In this reading “Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.”

for the convenience preposition + article + noun counted as “for … convenience”

In this reading “A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1900

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.

abodes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

aristocraticadjectiveUS /ərˌɪstəˈkrætɪk/

belonging to or characteristic of the nobility or aristocracy

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

artistnounUS /ˈɑːrtəst/

a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

attractiveadjectiveUS /əˈtræktɪv/

pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.

CaesarsnounUS /ˈsiːzərz/

plural of “caesar” — conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

CASTLEnounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

ConounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

comfortnounUS /ˈkʌmfərt/

a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

contentsnounUS /ˈkɑːntents/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

conveniencenounUS /kənˈviːnjəns/

the state of being suitable or opportune

From this reading A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.

cookverbUS /kʊk/

prepare a hot meal

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

createdverbUS /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

DEBTSnounUS /dets/

plural of “debt” — the state of owing something (especially money)

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

Doubleday

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

ETC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

HONORnounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

HUNGARIANadjectiveUS /həŋˈɡeriən/

relating to or characteristic of Hungary

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

luxurynounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəri/

something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

McClure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

NABOBnounUS /ˈnæbɑːb/

a governor in India during the Mogul empire

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

NAMELESSadjectiveUS /ˈneɪm.ləs/

Having no name, or having a name that is kept secret or unknown.

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

patriciansnounUS /pəˈtrɪʃənz/

plural of “patrician” — a person of refined upbringing and manners

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

PLUTOCRATSnounUS /ˈpluːtəkræts/

plural of “plutocrat” — someone who exercises power by virtue of wealth

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

POORadjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading A table of contents has been created for the convenience of the reader.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

renderverbUS /ˈrendər/

cause to become

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

sculptornounUS /ˈskʌlptər/

an artist who creates sculptures

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

splendournoun

a quality that outshines the usual

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

surroundingadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋ/

closely encircling

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

ThroughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

utmostadjectiveUS /ˈʌtmoʊst/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

viedverbUS /vaɪd/

past form of “vie” — compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

villasnounUS /ˈvɪləz/

plural of “villa” — Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was no table of contents in the original paper edition.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Throughout the whole region appeared the villas of Roman patricians, abodes of aristocratic comfort, where every artist, from the sculptor to the--cook, had done his utmost to render them attractive and beautiful.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In the days of the Caesars the country surrounding Rome vied in splendour and luxury with the capital itself.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading Doubleday & McClure Co. New York 1900 DEBTS OF HONOR, THE POOR PLUTOCRATS, A HUNGARIAN NABOB, THE NAMELESS CASTLE, ETC., ETC.

Chapter 1 of A Christian But a Roman by Mór Jókai holds 352 sentences, grouped into 71 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of A Christian But a Roman contain?

Chapter 1 holds 352 sentences of A Christian But a Roman, unabridged, divided into 71 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of A Christian But a Roman by Mór Jókai exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 352 sentences, grouped into 71 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of A Christian But a Roman?

Work through the 71 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 71 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Christian But a Roman

Common questions about reading A Christian But a Roman by Mór Jókai on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Christian But a Roman?

Yes. All 1419 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31942 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Christian But a Roman is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31942, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Christian But a Roman take to read?

About 118 minutes of reading across 284 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in A Christian But a Roman

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Christian But a Roman, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Table
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Christian But a Roman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Contents
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Christian But a Roman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Christian But a Roman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Christian But a Roman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.