Chapter III · Chapter 3

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

used to show sadness, pity, or regret

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

eagerly desirous

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

only a very short time before

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

French physiologist noted for research on secretions of the alimentary canal and the glycogenic function of the liver (1813-1878)

From this reading "I must keep a little fire together for Bernard," she said to herself.

next to; at the side of

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

superlative of “busy” — actively or fully engaged or occupied

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

taking care or paying attention

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

plural of “dwelling” — housing that someone is living in

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

plural of “ember” — a hot fragment of wood or coal that is left from a fire and is glowing or smoldering

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

at any time

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

having a debilitating effect

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

start firing a weapon

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

provided with whatever is necessary for a purpose (as furniture or equipment or authority)

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "He is late this evening.

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading "I must keep a little fire together for Bernard," she said to herself.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I must keep a little fire together for Bernard," she said to herself.

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

having inhabitants; lived in

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "He is late this evening.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading "I must keep a little fire together for Bernard," she said to herself.

plural of “knee” — hinge joint in the human leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur and protected in front by the patella

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading "He is late this evening.

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

used to form the superlative

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "I must keep a little fire together for Bernard," she said to herself.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

plural of “pair” — a set of two similar things considered as a unit

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

the local environment

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

by chance

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

careful and sensible; marked by sound judgment

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "I must keep a little fire together for Bernard," she said to herself.

Identical; not different.

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

to a small degree or extent

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

having a sharp inclination

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

not in physical motion

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

spoken with poor articulation as if with a thick tongue

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "He is late this evening.

in spite of the fact that

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading "I must keep a little fire together for Bernard," she said to herself.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

the act of supplying fresh air and getting rid of foul air

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

the sensation caused by heat energy

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

marked by repeated turns and bends

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

in the company of; together with

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading It was cold--for, alas, in the dwellings of the poor want of fresh air and ventilation does not mean _warmth_--and now and then she stirred the embers, though carefully, as if anxious to extract what warmth she could without exhausting its source.

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

but in spite of that

From this reading Perhaps I had better put the little one to bed--still it is cold for her, for it would not yet be prudent to lay her beside Paul, though he is so much better.

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading UP ever so many pairs of steep winding stairs, somewhat later that same evening, in a small barely furnished little room in one of the busiest and most thickly inhabited parts of Paris, a young woman with a baby on her knees was seated in front of a small fire.