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A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3)
A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3)

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) is here in full — 212 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.
At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.
As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.
Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.
The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3)

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) is here in full — 212 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.
Line 2
At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.
Line 3
As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.
Line 4
Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.
/ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli ərˈaʊnd hɪm ˌhaʊˈevər wɜːr dɪˈsaɪsɪv ðoʊ ˈhʌmbəl ˈevədənsəz ʌv ðə ˌdɑːməˈneɪʃən ʌv ɑːrt ˈoʊvər ˈneɪtʃər/
Line 5
The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

billowing adjective US /ˈbɪloʊɪŋ/

characterized by great swelling waves or surges

From this reading “At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.”

completing adjective US /kəmˈpliːtɪŋ/

acting as or providing a complement (something that completes the whole)

From this reading “When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.”

domination noun US /ˌdɑːməˈneɪʃən/

social control by dominating

From this reading “Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.”

hoary adjective US /ˈhɔːri/

showing characteristics of age, especially having grey or white hair

From this reading “At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.”

primeval adjective US /praɪˈmiːvəl/

having existed from the beginning; in an earliest or original stage or state

From this reading “At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.”

shrouded verb US /ˈʃraʊdɪd/

past form of “shroud” — cover as if with a shroud

From this reading “At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.”

sunbeam noun US /ˈsʌnbiːm/

a ray of sunlight

From this reading “At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.”

yesterday's noun US /ˈjestərdeɪz/

possessive form of “yesterday” — the day immediately before today

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

primeval forests adjective + noun counted as “primeval forest”

In this reading “At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.”

characteristic features noun + noun counted as “characteristic feature”

In this reading “As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.”

looked around verb + particle counted as “look around”

look about oneself

In this reading “When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.”

civilised man adjective + noun

In this reading “The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.”

shrouded in verb + particle counted as “shroud in”

In this reading “At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

absoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

applesnounUS /ˈæpəlz/

plural of “apple” — fruit with red or yellow or green skin and sweet to tart crisp whitish flesh

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

autumn-blushing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

barn-yard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

biddingnounUS /ˈbɪdɪŋ/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

billowingadjectiveUS /ˈbɪloʊɪŋ/

characterized by great swelling waves or surges

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

cheerfuladjectiveUS /ˈtʃɪrfəl/

being full of or promoting cheer; having or showing good spirits

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

chimneysnounUS /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

civilisedadjective

having a high state of culture and development both social and technological

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

colouradjectiveUS /ˈkʌlər/

having or capable of producing colors

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

combinationnounUS /ˌkɑːmbəˈneɪʃən/

a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

completingadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtɪŋ/

acting as or providing a complement (something that completes the whole)

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

crag-ramparts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

decisiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/

determining or having the power to determine an outcome

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

dominationnounUS /ˌdɑːməˈneɪʃən/

social control by dominating

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

eageradjectiveUS /ˈiːɡər/

having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

evidencesnounUS /ˈevədənsəz/

plural of “evidence” — your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

extendedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstendəd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

foreign-foliaged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

forestsnounUS /ˈfɔːrəsts/

plural of “forest” — the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

hoaryadjectiveUS /ˈhɔːri/

showing characteristics of age, especially having grey or white hair

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

humbleadjectiveUS /ˈhʌmbəl/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

imaginativeadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmædʒənətɪv/

(used of persons or artifacts) marked by independence and creativity in thought or action

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

ImmediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

inclinenounUS /ˌɪnˈklaɪn/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

innnounUS /ɪn/

a hotel providing overnight lodging for travelers

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

limitedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪmətəd/

small in range or scope

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

majesticadjectiveUS /məˈdʒestɪk/

majestic in manner or bearing; superior to mundane matters

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

mistsnounUS /mɪsts/

plural of “mist” — a thin fog with condensation near the ground

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

Neuchamp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

noughtnoun

a mathematical element that when added to another number yields the same number

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

orchardnounUS /ˈɔːrtʃərd/

garden consisting of a small cultivated wood without undergrowth

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

primevaladjectiveUS /praɪˈmiːvəl/

having existed from the beginning; in an earliest or original stage or state

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

rivulets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

rollingadjectiveUS /ˈroʊlɪŋ/

uttered with a trill

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

shadenounUS /ʃeɪd/

relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

shroudedverbUS /ˈʃraʊdɪd/

past form of “shroud” — cover as if with a shroud

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

silver-threaded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

smokingnounUS /ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/

the act of smoking tobacco or other substances

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

stablesnounUS /ˈsteɪbəlz/

plural of “stable” — a farm building for housing horses or other livestock

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

stirredadjectiveUS /stɜːrd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

stronglyadverbUS /ˈstrɔːŋli/

with strength or in a strong manner

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

sunbeamnounUS /ˈsʌnbiːm/

a ray of sunlight

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

swayverbUS /sweɪ/

move back and forth or sideways

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

toilettenoun

the act of dressing and preparing yourself

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

travelverbUS /ˈtrævəl/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

unfamiliaradjectiveUS /ˌʌnfəˈmɪljər/

not known or well known

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

uniqueadjectiveUS /juːˈniːk/

radically distinctive and without equal

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

visibleadjectiveUS /ˈvɪzəbəl/

capable of being seen; or open to easy view

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

visionnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Immediately around him, however, were decisive though humble evidences of the domination of art over nature.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Mr. Neuchamp looked around, after completing his toilette, the scene strongly stirred his imaginative mind; it was unique, unfamiliar, and majestic.

wildernessnounUS /ˈwɪldərnəs/

(politics) a state of disfavor

From this reading As far as vision extended, nought but these characteristic features of the mountain wilderness was visible.

windingadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/

marked by repeated turns and bends

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The inn orchard, with its autumn-blushing apples, stables, barn-yard, the cheerful smoking chimneys in the ’eager air’—all these told of the limited but absolute sway of civilised man.

yesterday'snounUS /ˈjestərdeɪz/

possessive form of “yesterday” — the day immediately before today

From this reading At his feet, down the long incline of the mountain, lay the vast foreign-foliaged, primeval forests, the silver-threaded, winding rivulets, the hoary crag-ramparts of yesterday’s travel shrouded in billowing, rolling mists, or rich in combination of light and shade, colour and effect, and at the bidding of the morning sunbeam.

Chapter 7 of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) by Rolf Boldrewood holds 212 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) contain?

Chapter 7 holds 212 sentences of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3), unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) by Rolf Boldrewood exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 212 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3)?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3)

Common questions about reading A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) by Rolf Boldrewood on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3)?

Yes. All 3196 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #54067 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #54067, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) take to read?

About 266 minutes of reading across 640 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) section by section

How to work through A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3)

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Ernest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Neuchamp
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Younger
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Neuchampstead
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Colonial Reformer, Vol. 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.