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A Commentary
A Commentary

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of A Commentary is here in full — 427 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:
Guv’nor!
You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, Ammersmith.
My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o trouble, leavin me what you might call violent from a child.
That’s where the little difficulty was, you see.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Commentary

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of A Commentary is here in full — 427 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:
/ðɪs baɪ ðə ɪkˈspreʃən ʌv ðer aɪz ɪz wʌt ðə men ɪn ˈjeloʊ siːm tuː hiːr ənd ðɪs baɪ ðə ɪkˈspreʃən ʌv ðer aɪz ɪz wʌt ðeɪ siːm tuː ˈænsər/
Line 2
Guv’nor!
Line 3
You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.
Line 4
My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop otrouble, leavinme what you might call violent from a child.
Line 5
That’s where the little difficulty was, you see.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Brick noun US /brɪk/

rectangular block of clay baked by the sun or in a kiln; used as a building or paving material

From this reading “You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.”

difficulty noun US /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading “That’s where the little difficulty was, you see.”

drop verb US /drɑːp/

let fall to the ground

From this reading “My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.”

epileptic adjective US /ˌepəˈleptɪk/

of or relating to or characteristic of epilepsy

From this reading “My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.”

fits noun US /fɪts/

plural of “fit” — a display of bad temper

From this reading “My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.”

police noun US /pəˈliːs/

the force of policemen and officers

From this reading “My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.”

purple noun US /ˈpɜːrpəl/

a purple color or pigment

From this reading “You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.”

violent adjective US /ˈvaɪələnt/

acting with or marked by or resulting from great force or energy or emotional intensity

From this reading “My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

brought up verb + adjective counted as “bring up”

summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic

In this reading “You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.”

little difficulty adjective + noun

In this reading “That’s where the little difficulty was, you see.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

Ammersmith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

answerverbUS /ˈænsər/

react verbally

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

BricknounUS /brɪk/

rectangular block of clay baked by the sun or in a kiln; used as a building or paving material

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading That’s where the little difficulty was, you see.

dropverbUS /drɑːp/

let fall to the ground

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

epilepticadjectiveUS /ˌepəˈleptɪk/

of or relating to or characteristic of epilepsy

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

fitsnounUS /fɪts/

plural of “fit” — a display of bad temper

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

Guv'nor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Guv’nor!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

leavin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

likedadjectiveUS /laɪkt/

found pleasant or attractive; often used as a combining form

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading That’s where the little difficulty was, you see.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

onounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

oughtn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

policenounUS /pəˈliːs/

the force of policemen and officers

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

purplenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəl/

a purple color or pigment

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading That’s where the little difficulty was, you see.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

StreetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

That's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That’s where the little difficulty was, you see.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

violentadjectiveUS /ˈvaɪələnt/

acting with or marked by or resulting from great force or energy or emotional intensity

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading My father was never up against the police; epileptic fits is what he went in for--I oughtn’t to have had him for a father; I oughtn’t to have had a mother that liked her drop o’ trouble, leavin’ me what you might call violent from a child.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading That’s where the little difficulty was, you see.

wrongadjectiveUS /rɔːŋ/

not correct; not in conformity with fact or truth

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

yellowadjectiveUS /ˈjeloʊ/

of the color intermediate between green and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg yolk

From this reading This, by the expression of their eyes, is what the men in yellow seem to hear, and this, by the expression of their eyes, is what they seem to answer:

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You tell me I did wrong to get in here, brought up like what I was--born in the purple--Brick Street, ’Ammersmith.

Chapter 4 of A Commentary by John Galsworthy holds 427 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of A Commentary contain?

Chapter 4 holds 427 sentences of A Commentary, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of A Commentary by John Galsworthy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 427 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of A Commentary?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Commentary

Common questions about reading A Commentary by John Galsworthy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Commentary?

Yes. All 1749 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #68242 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Commentary is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #68242, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Commentary take to read?

About 145 minutes of reading across 350 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Commentary section by section

How to work through A Commentary section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of A Commentary to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Commentary

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Commentary, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Above
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Commentary; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Plays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Commentary; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Issued
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Commentary; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Separately
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Commentary; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.