Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
A crown of straw
A crown of straw

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of A crown of straw is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A crown of straw
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.
Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.
Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.
Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.
Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A crown of straw

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of A crown of straw is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.
Line 2
Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.
Line 3
Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.
Line 4
Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.
Line 5
Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apes noun US /eɪps/

plural of “ape” — any of various primates with short tails or no tail at all

From this reading “Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.”

barrow noun US /ˈbæroʊ/

the quantity that a barrow will hold

From this reading “Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.”

butcher's noun US /ˈbʊtʃərz/

possessive form of “butcher” — a retailer of meat

obscenely adverb US /ɑːbˈsiːnəli/

to an obscene degree

From this reading “Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.”

oozing noun US /ˈuːzɪŋ/

the process of seeping

From this reading “Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.”

pfennig noun US /ˈfenɪɡ/

100 pfennigs formerly equaled 1 Deutsche Mark in Germany

From this reading “Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.”

remnants noun US /ˈremnənts/

plural of “remnant” — a small part or portion that remains after the main part no longer exists

From this reading “Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.”

shapeless adjective US /ˈʃeɪpləs/

having no definite form or distinct shape

From this reading “Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

blinking eyes adjective + noun

In this reading “Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.”

went on verb + particle counted as “go on”

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

In this reading “Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

ALnounUS /æl/

a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

apesnounUS /eɪps/

plural of “ape” — any of various primates with short tails or no tail at all

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

bargainnounUS /ˈbɑːrɡən/

an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

barrownounUS /ˈbæroʊ/

the quantity that a barrow will hold

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

bitnounUS /bɪt/

a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

blinkingadjectiveUS /ˈblɪŋkɪŋ/

closing the eyes intermittently and rapidly

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

bloodyadjectiveUS /ˈblʌdi/

having or covered with or accompanied by blood

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

butcher'snounUS /ˈbʊtʃərz/

possessive form of “butcher” — a retailer of meat

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

clamourverbUS /ˈklæmər/

utter or proclaim insistently and noisily

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

confusionnounUS /kənˈfjuːʒən/

disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

crumpledadjectiveUS /ˈkrʌmpəld/

of metal e.g.

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

dark-red

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

dirtyadjectiveUS /ˈdɜːrti/

soiled or likely to soil with dirt or grime

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

fightingnounUS /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

the act of fighting; any contest or struggle

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

fingersnounUS /ˈfɪŋɡərz/

plural of “finger” — any of the terminal members of the hand (sometimes excepting the thumb)

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

flamenounUS /fleɪm/

A hot glowing body of ignited gas produced by fire.

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

fouladjectiveUS /faʊl/

highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

fruitnounUS /fruːt/

the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

fullestadjectiveUS /ˈfʊləst/

superlative of “full” — containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

gasnounUS /ɡæs/

the state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

glarenounUS /ɡler/

a light within the field of vision that is brighter than the brightness to which the eyes are adapted

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

gropedverbUS /ɡroʊpt/

past form of “grope” — feel about uncertainly or blindly

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

grumbledverbUS /ˈɡrʌmbəld/

past form of “grumble” — show one's unhappiness or critical attitude

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

gutternounUS /ˈɡʌtər/

a channel along the eaves or on the roof; collects and carries away rainwater

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

Half-naked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

HARUN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

lipsnounUS /lɪps/

plural of “lip” — either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

marketnounUS /ˈmɑːrkət/

the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

meatnounUS /miːt/

the flesh of animals (including fishes and birds and snails) used as food

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

obscenelyadverbUS /ɑːbˈsiːnəli/

to an obscene degree

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

offalnoun

viscera and trimmings of a butchered animal often considered inedible by humans

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

oozingnounUS /ˈuːzɪŋ/

the process of seeping

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

pfennignounUS /ˈfenɪɡ/

100 pfennigs formerly equaled 1 Deutsche Mark in Germany

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

pricenounUS /praɪs/

the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold)

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

quarrelling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

RASHID

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

refuseverbUS /rəˈfjuːz/

show unwillingness towards

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

remnantsnounUS /ˈremnənts/

plural of “remnant” — a small part or portion that remains after the main part no longer exists

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

ringverbUS /rɪŋ/

sound loudly and sonorously

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

rollingadjectiveUS /ˈroʊlɪŋ/

uttered with a trill

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

rottenadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːtən/

very bad

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

RoundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

scramblingverbUS /ˈskræmbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “scramble” — to move hurriedly

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

scrapsnounUS /skræps/

food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

shapelessadjectiveUS /ˈʃeɪpləs/

having no definite form or distinct shape

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

smokyadjectiveUS /ˈsmoʊki/

marked by or emitting or filled with smoke

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

stallnounUS /stɔːl/

a compartment in a stable where a single animal is confined and fed

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

swungverbUS /swʌŋ/

inflected form of “swing” — move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

throngnounUS /θrɔːŋ/

a large gathering of people

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

thrustverbUS /θrʌst/

push forcefully

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

twistverbUS /twɪst/

to move in a twisting or contorted motion, (especially when struggling)

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

wart-eaten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Round every dirty stall the scrambling and fighting and quarrelling went on as if life itself were the matter of every bargain.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading HARUN AL RASHID THE throng was at its greatest, the glare of gas was at its fullest, the clamour and the confusion were at their height.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

whined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their lips seemed to twist in and out over their black broken teeth, as they whined and grumbled over every pfennig of the price.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Old, crumpled women, with blinking eyes, thrust themselves forward into the ring made out of the darkness by the rolling smoky flame which swung over the butcher’s barrow, and they groped obscenely with wart-eaten fingers among the shapeless remnants of oozing, dark-red meat.

wretchedadjectiveUS /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

writhedadjectiveUS /rɪθd/

twisted (especially as in pain or struggle)

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Half-naked boys, foul, like young apes, writhed and bit at each other in the bloody gutter below for scraps of offal and rotten fruit and all the wretched refuse of a street market.

Chapter 13 of A crown of straw by Allen Upward holds 219 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of A crown of straw contain?

Chapter 13 holds 219 sentences of A crown of straw, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of A crown of straw by Allen Upward exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 219 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of A crown of straw?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A crown of straw

Common questions about reading A crown of straw by Allen Upward on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A crown of straw?

Yes. All 4883 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #73325 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A crown of straw is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #73325, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A crown of straw take to read?

About 406 minutes of reading across 977 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A crown of straw section by section

How to work through A crown of straw section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of A crown of straw to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A crown of straw

Words and structures a reader meets early in A crown of straw, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A crown of straw; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Queen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A crown of straw; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Against
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A crown of straw; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prince
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A crown of straw; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.