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A Defence of Poesie and Poems
A Defence of Poesie and Poems

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of A Defence of Poesie and Poems is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.
I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of ens and prima materia will hardly agree with a corslet.
And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.
Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.
Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Defence of Poesie and Poems

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of A Defence of Poesie and Poems is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.
Line 2
I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity ofensandprima materiawill hardly agree with a corslet.
Line 3
And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.
/ənd ˈðerfɔːr æz aɪ sed ɪn ðə bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ ˈiːvɪn tɜːrks ənd ˈtɑːrtərz ɑːr dɪˈlaɪtəd wɪð ˈpoʊəts/
Line 4
Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.
/ˈhoʊmər ə ɡriːk ˈflɜːrɪʃt bɪˈfɔːr ɡriːs ˈflɜːrɪʃt ənd ɪf tuː ə slaɪt kənˈdʒektʃər ə kənˈdʒektʃər meɪ biː əˈpoʊzd ˈtruːli ɪt meɪ siːm ðæt æz baɪ hɪm ðer lɜːrnd men tʊk ˈɔːlmoʊst ðer fɜːrst laɪt ʌv ˈnɑːlədʒ soʊ ðer ˈæktɪv men rəˈsiːv ðer fɜːrst ˈnoʊʃənz ʌv ˈkɜːrədʒ/
Line 5
Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Alexander's noun US /ˌæləɡˈzændərz/

possessive form of “alexander” — European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

displease verb US /dɪˈspliːz/

give displeasure to

From this reading “I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.”

flourished verb US /ˈflɜːrɪʃt/

past form of “flourish” — grow vigorously

From this reading “Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.”

freest adjective US /ˈfriːɪst/

superlative of “free” — not limited or hampered; not under compulsion or restraint

From this reading ““Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.”

Orlando noun US /ɔːrˈlændoʊ/

a city in central Florida; site of Walt Disney World

From this reading “I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.”

phoenix noun US /ˈfiːnɪks/

the state capital and largest city located in south central Arizona; situated in a former desert that has become a prosperous agricultural area thanks to irrigation

From this reading “Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.”

prima noun US /ˈpriːmə/

used primarily as eating apples

From this reading “I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.”

Tartars noun US /ˈtɑːrtərz/

plural of “tartar” — a salt used especially in baking powder

From this reading “And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

69

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

accountedverbUS /əˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “account” — be the sole or primary factor in the existence, acquisition, supply, or disposal of something

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

actsnounUS /ækts/

a New Testament book describing the development of the early church from Christ's Ascension to Paul's sojourn at Rome

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

agreeverbUS /əˈɡriː/

be in accord; be in agreement

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

Alexander'snounUS /ˌæləɡˈzændərz/

possessive form of “alexander” — European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

campsnounUS /kæmps/

plural of “camp” — temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

companionnounUS /kəmˈpænjən/

a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

conjecturenounUS /kənˈdʒektʃər/

a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence)

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

corsletnoun

a piece of body armor for the trunk; usually consists of a breastplate and back piece

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

dareverbUS /der/

take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

delightedadjectiveUS /dɪˈlaɪtəd/

greatly pleased

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

displeaseverbUS /dɪˈspliːz/

give displeasure to

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

ens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

esse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

flourishedverbUS /ˈflɜːrɪʃt/

past form of “flourish” — grow vigorously

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

footstoolnoun

a low seat or a stool to rest the feet of a seated person

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

freestadjectiveUS /ˈfriːɪst/

superlative of “free” — not limited or hampered; not under compulsion or restraint

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

Furioso

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

GreecenounUS /ɡriːs/

a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

guidenounUS /ɡaɪd/

someone employed to conduct others

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

HomernounUS /ˈhoʊmər/

a base hit on which the batter scores a run

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

Jubeo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

libenter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

materia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

notionsnounUS /ˈnoʊʃənz/

plural of “notion” — a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

objectionnounUS /əbˈdʒekʃən/

the act of expressing earnest opposition or protest

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

OnlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

opposedadjectiveUS /əˈpoʊzd/

being in opposition or having an opponent

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

OrlandonounUS /ɔːrˈlændoʊ/

a city in central Florida; site of Walt Disney World

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

phoenixnounUS /ˈfiːnɪks/

the state capital and largest city located in south central Arizona; situated in a former desert that has become a prosperous agricultural area thanks to irrigation

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

Plutarchnoun

Greek biographer who wrote Parallel Lives (46?-120 AD)

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

poetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

primanounUS /ˈpriːmə/

used primarily as eating apples

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

princesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəz/

plural of “prince” — a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

quidditynoun

an evasion of the point of an argument by raising irrelevant distinctions or objections

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

slightnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

soldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

stultum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

TartarsnounUS /ˈtɑːrtərz/

plural of “tartar” — a salt used especially in baking powder

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “Jubeo stultum esse libenter—” {69} for as for poetry itself, it is the freest from this, objection, for poetry is the companion of camps.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

trulyadverbUS /ˈtruːli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading Homer, a Greek, flourished before Greece flourished; and if to a slight conjecture a conjecture may be opposed, truly it may seem, that as by him their learned men took almost their first light of knowledge, so their active men receive their first notions of courage.

TurksnounUS /tɜːrks/

plural of “turk” — a native or inhabitant of Turkey

From this reading And, therefore, as I said in the beginning, even Turks and Tartars are delighted with poets.

undertakeverbUS /ˈʌndərteɪk/

enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

warlikeadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːrlaɪk/

disposed to warfare or hard-line policies

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Only Alexander’s example may serve, who by Plutarch is accounted of such virtue that fortune was not his guide but his footstool; whose acts speak for him, though Plutarch did not; indeed, the phoenix of warlike princes.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I dare undertake, Orlando Furioso, or honest King Arthur, will never displease a soldier: but the quiddity of “ens” and “prima materia” will hardly agree with a corslet.

Chapter 4 of A Defence of Poesie and Poems by Philip Sidney holds 115 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of A Defence of Poesie and Poems contain?

Chapter 4 holds 115 sentences of A Defence of Poesie and Poems, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of A Defence of Poesie and Poems by Philip Sidney exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 115 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of A Defence of Poesie and Poems?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Defence of Poesie and Poems

Common questions about reading A Defence of Poesie and Poems by Philip Sidney on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Defence of Poesie and Poems?

Yes. All 1078 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1962 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Defence of Poesie and Poems is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1962, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Defence of Poesie and Poems take to read?

About 89 minutes of reading across 216 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Defence of Poesie and Poems section by section

How to work through A Defence of Poesie and Poems section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Defence of Poesie and Poems

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Defence of Poesie and Poems, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cassell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Defence of Poesie and Poems; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
National
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Defence of Poesie and Poems; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Library
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Defence of Poesie and Poems; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Defence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Defence of Poesie and Poems; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.