Chapter IV · Chapter 4

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

later than; following

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

a demonstration of approval by clapping the hands together

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

at or toward the back of something

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

a coffin along with its stand

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

the act of burning something

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

plural of “client” — a person who seeks the advice of a lawyer

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

someone who is no longer alive

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

past form of “deliver” — deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

a loud harsh or strident noise

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

a formal expression of praise for someone who has died recently

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

apart from; not including

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

any joyous diversion

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

(of materials or goods) brought to the desired final state

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

past form of “flatter” — praise somewhat dishonestly

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

a public meeting or assembly for open discussion

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

unpleasantly and excessively suave or ingratiating in manner or speech

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

plural of “gladiator” — (ancient Rome) a professional combatant or a captive who entertained the public by engaging in mortal combat

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

a person having kinship with another or others

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

immediately past

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

engage in

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

immediately following in time or order

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

an instance of oratory

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

above and across; more than

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

a regular customer

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

act as president

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

wood heaped for burning a dead body as a funeral rite

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

plural of “relative” — a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

using language effectively to please or persuade

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

an act of economizing; reduction in cost

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

a light usually carried in the hand; consists of some flammable substance

From this reading Finally, as next of kin, he had to apply the torch to the funeral pyre, and preside over the funeral feast, held by custom nine days after the actual burning, and over the contests of gladiators which took place at this festivity.

something given or done as an expression of esteem

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

precisely as stated

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A Very Old Problem I Drusus had at last finished the business which centred around the death of his uncle, old Publius Vibulanus.

which person or people

From this reading On the day, too, of the funeral, he had been obliged to make his first public oration--a eulogy delivered in the Forum from the Rostra--in which Drusus tried to pay a graceful but not fulsome tribute to the old eques, who had never distinguished himself in any way, except the making of money.

in the company of; together with

From this reading He had walked behind the bier, in company with the other relatives of the deceased--all very distant, saving himself.

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The many clients of Vibulanus, who now looked upon the young man as their patron, had raised a prodigious din of applause during the oration, and Quintus was flattered to feel that he had not studied rhetoric in vain.