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A Friend of Cæsar
A Friend of Cæsar

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of A Friend of Cæsar is here in full — 373 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/74 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.
If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.
Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.
He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.
Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Friend of Cæsar

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of A Friend of Cæsar is here in full — 373 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/74 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.
Line 2
If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.
Line 3
Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.
Line 4
He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.
Line 5
Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cassandra noun US /kəˈsændrə/

(Greek mythology) a prophetess in Troy during the Trojan War whose predictions were true but were never believed

From this reading “Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.”

cohorts noun US /ˈkoʊhɔːrts/

plural of “cohort” — a company of companions or supporters

From this reading “The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.”

Demetrius noun US /dɪˈmiːtriəs/

son of Antigonus Cyclops and king of Macedonia; he and his father were defeated at the battle of Ipsus (337-283 BC)

From this reading “The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.”

freedman noun US /ˈfriːdmən/

a person who has been freed from slavery

From this reading “He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.”

girding verb US /ˈɡɜːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “gird” — prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading “The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.”

haranguing verb US /hərˈæŋɪŋ/

-ing form of “harangue” — deliver a harangue to; address forcefully

From this reading “The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.”

patroness noun US /ˈpeɪtrənəs/

a woman who is a patron or the wife of a patron

From this reading “He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.”

scourged verb US /skɜːrdʒd/

past form of “scourge” — punish severely; excoriate

From this reading “Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.”

All words in this reading · 112

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

Ahenobarbus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

arrangingnounUS /ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ/

the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

Baiae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

CassandranounUS /kəˈsændrə/

(Greek mythology) a prophetess in Troy during the Trojan War whose predictions were true but were never believed

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

clashingadjectiveUS /ˈklæʃɪŋ/

sharply and harshly discordant

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

cohortsnounUS /ˈkoʊhɔːrts/

plural of “cohort” — a company of companions or supporters

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

complyverbUS /kəmˈplaɪ/

act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

contendingverbUS /kənˈtendɪŋ/

-ing form of “contend” — maintain or assert

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

Cornelia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

Crusnoun

the leg from the knee to foot

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

DemetriusnounUS /dɪˈmiːtriəs/

son of Antigonus Cyclops and king of Macedonia; he and his father were defeated at the battle of Ipsus (337-283 BC)

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

desolateadjectiveUS /ˈdesələt/

providing no shelter or sustenance

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

Drusus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

enduringadjectiveUS /enˈdjʊrɪŋ/

lasting a long time

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

evil-eyed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

fettersnounUS /ˈfetərz/

plural of “fetter” — a shackle for the ankles or feet

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

freedmannounUS /ˈfriːdmən/

a person who has been freed from slavery

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

girdingverbUS /ˈɡɜːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “gird” — prepare oneself for a military confrontation

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

grimadjectiveUS /ɡrɪm/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

haranguingverbUS /hərˈæŋɪŋ/

-ing form of “harangue” — deliver a harangue to; address forcefully

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

HospitalitynounUS /ˌhɑːspəˈtæləti/

kindness in welcoming guests or strangers

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

imperators

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

imprisonmentnounUS /ˌɪmˈprɪzənmənt/

putting someone in prison or in jail as lawful punishment

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

interviewverbUS /ˈɪntərvjuː/

conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

legionsnounUS /ˈliːdʒənz/

plural of “legion” — archaic terms for army

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

Lentulus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

Lucius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

manacles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

marchingnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/

the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

marryverbUS /ˈmeri/

take in marriage

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

niecenounUS /niːs/

a daughter of your brother or sister

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

patronessnounUS /ˈpeɪtrənəs/

a woman who is a patron or the wife of a patron

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

Phaon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

plungeverbUS /plʌndʒ/

thrust or throw into

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

prisonernounUS /ˈprɪzənər/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

prospectiveadjectiveUS /prəˈspektɪv/

of or concerned with or related to the future

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

scourgedverbUS /skɜːrdʒd/

past form of “scourge” — punish severely; excoriate

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

senatorsnounUS /ˈsenətərz/

plural of “senator” — a member of a senate

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

tenacitynounUS /təˈnæsɪti/

persistent determination

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

tribunes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Lentulus Crus had determined, with the same grim tenacity of purpose which led him to plunge a world into war, that his niece should comply with his will and marry Lucius Ahenobarbus.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Cassandra had been taken away from Cornelia--she could not learn so much as whether the woman had been scourged to death for arranging the interview with Drusus, or no.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The Hospitality of Demetrius I While grave senators were contending, tribunes haranguing, imperators girding on the sword, legions marching, cohorts clashing,--while all this history was being made in the outside world, Cornelia, very desolate, very lonely, was enduring her imprisonment at Baiae.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading He sent down to Baiae, Phaon,--the evil-eyed freedman of Ahenobarbus,--and gave to that worthy full power to do anything he wished to break the will of his prospective patroness.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

wristsnounUS /rɪsts/

plural of “wrist” — a joint between the distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones

From this reading If she had had manacles on her wrists and fetters on her feet, she would not have been the more a prisoner.

Chapter 18 of A Friend of Cæsar by William Stearns Davis holds 373 sentences, grouped into 75 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of A Friend of Cæsar contain?

Chapter 18 holds 373 sentences of A Friend of Cæsar, unabridged, divided into 75 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of A Friend of Cæsar by William Stearns Davis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 373 sentences, grouped into 75 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of A Friend of Cæsar?

Work through the 75 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 75 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Friend of Cæsar

Common questions about reading A Friend of Cæsar by William Stearns Davis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Friend of Cæsar?

Yes. All 8054 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15694 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Friend of Cæsar is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15694, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Friend of Cæsar take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1611 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Friend of Cæsar section by section

How to work through A Friend of Cæsar section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of A Friend of Cæsar to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Friend of Cæsar

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Friend of Cæsar, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Friend of Cæsar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Morning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Friend of Cæsar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Streets
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Friend of Cæsar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Below
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Friend of Cæsar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.