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A Friend of Cæsar
A Friend of Cæsar

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of A Friend of Cæsar is here in full — 255 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/51 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.
That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?
Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.
The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.
To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Friend of Cæsar

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of A Friend of Cæsar is here in full — 255 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/51 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.
Line 2
That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?
/ðæt ʃiː wʊd biː dɪˈlɪvərd ʌp tuː hɜːr ˈʌŋkəl wɑːz noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər tuː biː ˈdredɪd bʌt ˈɪntuː ðə hændz ʌv wʌt ˈmænər ʌv men hæd ʃiː hərˈself ˈfɑːlən/
Line 3
Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.
Line 4
The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.
Line 5
To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.
/tuː ðə ˈaʊtwərd aɪ ˈnʌθɪŋ kʊd biː mɔːr ˈdekərəs ənd mæɡˈnɪfəsənt ðæn ðə ˈpleʒərz ʌv ðə ɪˈdʒɪpʃən kɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

confederates noun US /kənˈfedərəts/

plural of “confederate” — a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading “Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.”

contests noun US /ˈkɑːntests/

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading “The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.”

decorous adjective US /ˈdekərəs/

characterized by propriety and dignity and good taste in manners and conduct

From this reading “To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.”

gymnasium noun US /dʒɪmˈneɪziəm/

a school for students intermediate between elementary school and college; usually grades 9 to 12

From this reading “The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.”

prizes noun US /ˈpraɪzəz/

plural of “prize” — something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading “The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.”

snuffed verb US /snʌft/

past form of “snuff” — sniff or smell inquiringly

From this reading “Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.”

stadium noun US /ˈsteɪdiəm/

a large structure for open-air sports or entertainments

From this reading “The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.”

unending adjective US /əˈnendɪŋ/

continuing forever or indefinitely

From this reading “The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

actorsnounUS /ˈæktərz/

plural of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

BitternessnounUS /ˈbɪtərnəs/

a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

chariotnounUS /ˈtʃeriət/

a light four-wheel horse-drawn ceremonial carriage

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

confederatesnounUS /kənˈfedərəts/

plural of “confederate” — a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

contestsnounUS /ˈkɑːntests/

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

Cornelia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

decorousadjectiveUS /ˈdekərəs/

characterized by propriety and dignity and good taste in manners and conduct

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

deednounUS /diːd/

a legal document signed and sealed and delivered to effect a transfer of property and to show the legal right to possess it

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

deliveredverbUS /dɪˈlɪvərd/

past form of “deliver” — deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

dramaticadjectiveUS /drəˈmætɪk/

suitable to or characteristic of drama

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

dreadedadjectiveUS /ˈdredɪd/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

EgyptiannounUS /ɪˈdʒɪpʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Egypt

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

Fabia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

fetes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

garrisonnounUS /ˈɡærɪsən/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

gymnasiumnounUS /dʒɪmˈneɪziəm/

a school for students intermediate between elementary school and college; usually grades 9 to 12

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

instantnounUS /ˈɪnstənt/

a very short time (as the time it takes the eye to blink or the heart to beat)

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

JoynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

magnificentadjectiveUS /mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/

characterized by grandeur

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

merryadjectiveUS /ˈmeri/

full of or showing high-spirited merriment

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

outwardadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtwərd/

relating to physical reality rather than with thoughts or the mind

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

pleasuresnounUS /ˈpleʒərz/

plural of “pleasure” — a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

poetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

Pompeius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

Pothinus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

prizesnounUS /ˈpraɪzəz/

plural of “prize” — something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

racesnounUS /ˈreɪsəz/

plural of “race” — any competition

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

realizedadjectiveUS /ˈriːəlaɪzd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

reportverbUS /riˈpɔːrt/

to give an account or representation of in words

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

snuffedverbUS /snʌft/

past form of “snuff” — sniff or smell inquiringly

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

splendidadjectiveUS /ˈsplendɪd/

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

stadiumnounUS /ˈsteɪdiəm/

a large structure for open-air sports or entertainments

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading To the outward eye nothing could be more decorous and magnificent than the pleasures of the Egyptian king.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

twinklingnounUS /ˈtwɪŋkəlɪŋ/

a very short time (as the time it takes the eye to blink or the heart to beat)

From this reading Her own life and that of Fabia, she realized, would be snuffed out in a twinkling, by Pothinus and his confederates, the instant they saw in such a deed the least advantage.

unclenounUS /ˈʌŋkəl/

the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

unendingadjectiveUS /əˈnendɪŋ/

continuing forever or indefinitely

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

weepverbUS /wiːp/

shed tears because of sadness, rage, or pain

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The splendid life of the court at the garrison city went on; there was an unending round of fetes, contests in the gymnasium and stadium; chariot races; contests of poets and actors for prizes in dramatic art.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Bitterness and Joy I Cornelia knew not whether to be merry or to weep when the report of the fate of Pompeius reached her.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading That she would be delivered up to her uncle was no longer to be dreaded; but into the hands of what manner of men had she herself fallen?

Chapter 22 of A Friend of Cæsar by William Stearns Davis holds 255 sentences, grouped into 51 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of A Friend of Cæsar contain?

Chapter 22 holds 255 sentences of A Friend of Cæsar, unabridged, divided into 51 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of A Friend of Cæsar by William Stearns Davis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 255 sentences, grouped into 51 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of A Friend of Cæsar?

Work through the 51 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 51 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Friend of Cæsar

Common questions about reading A Friend of Cæsar by William Stearns Davis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Friend of Cæsar?

Yes. All 8054 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15694 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Friend of Cæsar is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15694, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Friend of Cæsar take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1611 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Friend of Cæsar section by section

How to work through A Friend of Cæsar section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of A Friend of Cæsar to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Friend of Cæsar

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Friend of Cæsar, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Friend of Cæsar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Morning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Friend of Cæsar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Streets
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Friend of Cæsar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Below
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Friend of Cæsar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.