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A Group of Noble Dames
A Group of Noble Dames

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of A Group of Noble Dames is here in full — 157 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!
Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.
Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.
I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'
To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Group of Noble Dames

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of A Group of Noble Dames is here in full — 157 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!
Line 2
Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.
Line 3
Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.
/ˈnʌθɪŋ ʃɔːrt ʌv ˈkruːlti wʊd hæv ˈdrɪvən miː tuː ðɪs/
Line 4
I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'
Line 5
To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cruelty noun US /ˈkruːlti/

a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering

From this reading “Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.”

doom verb US /duːm/

decree or designate beforehand

From this reading “I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'”

horrified adjective US /ˈhɔːrəfaɪd/

stricken with horror

From this reading “Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.”

implore verb US /ˌɪmˈplɔːr/

call upon in supplication; entreat

From this reading “Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.”

shocked adjective US /ʃɑːkt/

struck with fear, dread, or consternation

From this reading “To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.”

tortured adjective US /ˈtɔːrtʃərd/

experiencing intense pain especially mental pain

From this reading “To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.”

tortures noun US /ˈtɔːrtʃərz/

plural of “torture” — extreme mental distress

From this reading “I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'”

unmolested adjective US /ˌʌnməˈlestɪd/

not interfered with, disturbed, or harmed

From this reading “I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

borneverbUS /bɔːrn/

inflected form of “bear” — have

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

crueltynounUS /ˈkruːlti/

a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering

From this reading Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

Don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

doomverbUS /duːm/

decree or designate beforehand

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.

DuchessnounUS /ˈdʌtʃəs/

the wife of a duke or a woman holding ducal title in her own right

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

horrifiedadjectiveUS /ˈhɔːrəfaɪd/

stricken with horror

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

imploreverbUS /ˌɪmˈplɔːr/

call upon in supplication; entreat

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

inquirynounUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪriː/

a search for knowledge

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

jealousynounUS /ˈdʒeləsi/

a feeling of jealous envy (especially of a rival)

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

NothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

shockedadjectiveUS /ʃɑːkt/

struck with fear, dread, or consternation

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.

torturedadjectiveUS /ˈtɔːrtʃərd/

experiencing intense pain especially mental pain

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

torturesnounUS /ˈtɔːrtʃərz/

plural of “torture” — extreme mental distress

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

unmolestedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnməˈlestɪd/

not interfered with, disturbed, or harmed

From this reading I could have borne my doom in silence had I been left unmolested; but he tortures me, and I shall soon be in the grave if I cannot escape.'

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading To his shocked inquiry how her husband tortured her, the Duchess said that it was by jealousy.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

whilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Nothing short of cruelty would have driven me to this.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Don't be horrified at me--you must bear with me whilst I implore it.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 'Yes, yes--or under your direction, or by your help in some way!

Chapter 17 of A Group of Noble Dames by Thomas Hardy holds 157 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of A Group of Noble Dames contain?

Chapter 17 holds 157 sentences of A Group of Noble Dames, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of A Group of Noble Dames by Thomas Hardy exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 157 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of A Group of Noble Dames?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Group of Noble Dames

Common questions about reading A Group of Noble Dames by Thomas Hardy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Group of Noble Dames?

Yes. All 3055 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3049 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Group of Noble Dames is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3049, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Group of Noble Dames take to read?

About 254 minutes of reading across 611 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Group of Noble Dames section by section

How to work through A Group of Noble Dames section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of A Group of Noble Dames to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Group of Noble Dames

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Group of Noble Dames, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Store
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Group of Noble Dames; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ladies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Group of Noble Dames; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Whose
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Group of Noble Dames; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bright
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Group of Noble Dames; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.