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A Happy Boy
A Happy Boy

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of A Happy Boy is here in full — 194 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.
Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.
With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.
There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.
A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Happy Boy

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of A Happy Boy is here in full — 194 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.
Line 2
Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.
Line 3
With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.
/wɪð ðə ɪkˈsepʃən ʌv ðə ˈlætər ənd sʌm henz ðæt hæd streɪd əˈkrɔːs ðə fiːldz nɑːt ə ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈkriːtʃər wɑːz ˈvɪzəbəl ɑːn ðə hoʊl pleɪn/
Line 4
There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.
Line 5
A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.
/ə mæn wɑːz ˈstændɪŋ ɪn ðɪs nɑːtʃ ˈteɪkɪŋ ə sərˈveɪ ʌv ðə pleɪn bɪˈloʊ dʒʌst æz ɪf hiː wɜːr ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ fɔːr sʌm wʌn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fertile adjective US /ˈfɜːrtəl/

capable of reproducing

From this reading “There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.”

hens noun US /henz/

plural of “hen” — adult female chicken

From this reading “With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.”

notch noun US /nɑːtʃ/

a V-shaped indentation

From this reading “There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.”

rakes noun US /reɪks/

plural of “rake” — a dissolute man in fashionable society

From this reading “It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.”

sleds noun US /sledz/

plural of “sled” — a vehicle mounted on runners and pulled by horses or dogs; for transportation over snow

From this reading “Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.”

staked verb US /steɪkt/

past form of “stake” — put at risk

From this reading “It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.”

strayed verb US /streɪd/

past form of “stray” — move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading “With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.”

tethered adjective US /ˈteðərd/

confined or restricted with or as if with a rope or chain

From this reading “Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

barn-bridge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

BelowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

creaturenounUS /ˈkriːtʃər/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

exceptionnounUS /ɪkˈsepʃən/

a deliberate act of omission

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

fertileadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrtəl/

capable of reproducing

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

gards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

harnessverbUS /ˈhɑːrnəs/

put a harness

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

haynounUS /heɪ/

grass mowed and cured for use as fodder

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

Heidegard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

Heidegards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

hensnounUS /henz/

plural of “hen” — adult female chicken

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

meadowsnounUS /ˈmedoʊz/

plural of “meadow” — a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

noondaynoun

the middle of the day

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

notchnounUS /nɑːtʃ/

a V-shaped indentation

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

plainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

rakesnounUS /reɪks/

plural of “rake” — a dissolute man in fashionable society

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

saeters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

scatteredadjectiveUS /ˈskætərd/

occurring or distributed over widely spaced and irregular intervals in time or space

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

sledsnounUS /sledz/

plural of “sled” — a vehicle mounted on runners and pulled by horses or dogs; for transportation over snow

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

sleepingnounUS /ˈsliːpɪŋ/

the state of being asleep

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

stakedverbUS /steɪkt/

past form of “stake” — put at risk

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

strayedverbUS /streɪd/

past form of “stray” — move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

surveynounUS /sərˈveɪ/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

tetheredadjectiveUS /ˈteðərd/

confined or restricted with or as if with a rope or chain

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Below the barn-bridge stood the hay sleds, the harness lay, taken off, beside them, and the horses were tethered at a little distance.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There was a notch in the mountains above the gards, and through it the road led to the Heidegard saeters,--large, fertile mountain plains.

visibleadjectiveUS /ˈvɪzəbəl/

capable of being seen; or open to easy view

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading A man was standing in this notch, taking a survey of the plain below, just as if he were watching for some one.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was during the noonday rest; the people at the great Heidegards were sleeping, the hay was scattered over the meadows, the rakes were staked in the ground.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With the exception of the latter and some hens that had strayed across the fields, not a living creature was visible on the whole plain.

Chapter 11 of A Happy Boy by Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson holds 194 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of A Happy Boy contain?

Chapter 11 holds 194 sentences of A Happy Boy, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of A Happy Boy by Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 194 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of A Happy Boy?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Happy Boy

Common questions about reading A Happy Boy by Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Happy Boy?

Yes. All 1755 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12633 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Happy Boy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12633, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Happy Boy take to read?

About 146 minutes of reading across 351 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Happy Boy section by section

How to work through A Happy Boy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of A Happy Boy to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Happy Boy

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Happy Boy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Oyvind
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Happy Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cried
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Happy Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sooner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Happy Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mother's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Happy Boy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.