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A Hero of Our Time
A Hero of Our Time

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of A Hero of Our Time is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I was travelling post from Tiflis.
All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.
As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.
In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.
What a glorious place that valley is!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Hero of Our Time

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of A Hero of Our Time is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I was travelling post from Tiflis.
Line 2
All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.
Line 3
As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.
Line 4
In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.
Line 5
What a glorious place that valley is!
/wʌt ə ˈɡlɔːriəs pleɪs ðæt ˈvæli ɪz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ascent noun US /əˈsent/

an upward slope or grade (as in a road)

From this reading “In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.”

disappearing noun US /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrɪŋ/

the act of leaving secretly or without explanation

From this reading “As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.”

Georgia noun US /ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/

a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading “All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.”

intact adjective US /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading “All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.”

luggage noun US /ˈlʌɡədʒ/

cases used to carry belongings when traveling

From this reading “All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.”

nightfall noun US /ˈnaɪtfɔːl/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading “In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.”

portmanteau noun US /ˈpɔːrtmɑːntoʊ/

a new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings

From this reading “All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.”

zealously adverb US /ˈziːləsli/

in a zealous manner

From this reading “In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading What a glorious place that valley is!

accomplishverbUS /əˈkɑːmplɪʃ/

put in effect

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

ascentnounUS /əˈsent/

an upward slope or grade (as in a road)

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

cartnounUS /kɑːrt/

a heavy open wagon usually having two wheels and drawn by an animal

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

contentsnounUS /ˈkɑːntents/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

disappearingnounUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrɪŋ/

the act of leaving secretly or without explanation

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

drivernounUS /ˈdraɪvər/

the operator of a motor vehicle

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

fortunatelyadverbUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

by good fortune

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I was travelling post from Tiflis.

GeorgianounUS /ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/

a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

gloriousadjectiveUS /ˈɡlɔːriəs/

having or deserving or conferring glory

From this reading What a glorious place that valley is!

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I was travelling post from Tiflis.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

indefatigablyadverb

with indefatigable energy

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

intactadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What a glorious place that valley is!

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

Koishaur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

luggagenounUS /ˈlʌɡədʒ/

cases used to carry belongings when traveling

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

MountverbUS /maʊnt/

attach to a support

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

nightfallnounUS /ˈnaɪtfɔːl/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

Ossetenoun

a northeastern Iranian language spoken in Russia

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading What a glorious place that valley is!

portmanteaunounUS /ˈpɔːrtmɑːntoʊ/

a new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

postverbUS /poʊst/

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading I was travelling post from Tiflis.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

ridgenounUS /rɪdʒ/

a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

singingnounUS /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/

the act of singing vocal music

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

snow-cladadjective

covered with snow

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading What a glorious place that valley is!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

Tiflisnoun

the capital and largest city of Georgia on the Kura river

From this reading I was travelling post from Tiflis.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

travellingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading I was travelling post from Tiflis.

travelling-notes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

urgedverbUS /ɜːrdʒd/

past form of “urge” — force or impel in an indicated direction

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

ValleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading As I entered the Koishaur Valley the sun was disappearing behind the snow-clad ridge of the mountains.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I was travelling post from Tiflis.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What a glorious place that valley is!

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading All the luggage I had in my cart consisted of one small portmanteau half filled with travelling-notes on Georgia; of these the greater part has been lost, fortunately for you; but the portmanteau itself and the rest of its contents have remained intact, fortunately for me.

zealouslyadverbUS /ˈziːləsli/

in a zealous manner

From this reading In order to accomplish the ascent of Mount Koishaur by nightfall, my driver, an Ossete, urged on the horses indefatigably, singing zealously the while at the top of his voice.

Chapter 1 of A Hero of Our Time by Mikhail Iurevich Lermontov holds 141 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of A Hero of Our Time contain?

Chapter 1 holds 141 sentences of A Hero of Our Time, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of A Hero of Our Time by Mikhail Iurevich Lermontov exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 141 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of A Hero of Our Time?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Hero of Our Time

Common questions about reading A Hero of Our Time by Mikhail Iurevich Lermontov on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Hero of Our Time?

Yes. All 4100 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #913 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Hero of Our Time is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #913, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Hero of Our Time take to read?

About 341 minutes of reading across 820 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Hero of Our Time section by section

How to work through A Hero of Our Time section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of A Hero of Our Time to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Hero of Our Time

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Hero of Our Time, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Travelling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Hero of Our Time; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tiflis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Hero of Our Time; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Luggage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Hero of Our Time; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Consisted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Hero of Our Time; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.