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A History of American Literature
A History of American Literature

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of A History of American Literature is here in full — 274 sentences across 55 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.
His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.
Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.
The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.
Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A History of American Literature

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of A History of American Literature is here in full — 274 sentences across 55 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/54 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.
Line 2
His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.
/hɪz ˈfɑːðər ðə ˈrevərənd tʃɑːrlz ˈloʊəl ə ˈhɑːrvərd ˈɡrædʒəwət wɑːz ˈpæstər ʌv ðə west tʃɜːrtʃ ɪn ˈbɑːstən θriː maɪlz əˈweɪ/
Line 3
Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.
/ˈelmwʊd wɑːz æn ˈæmpəl nuː ˈɪŋɡlənd ˈmænʃən wɪð ðə ˈlɪtəreri ˈætməsfɪr ˈɪndɔːrz ðæt ɪz ˈdʒenəreɪtəd baɪ ðə ˈprezəns ʌv ɡʊd bʊks ənd ɡʊd tɔːk/
Line 4
The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.
Line 5
Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.
/laɪk ˈmeni əˈnʌðər mæn ʌv ˈleɪtər dɪˈstɪŋkʃən ɪn ˈletərz hiː wɑːz mɔːr ˌɪnˈdʌstriəs ðæn ˈreɡjələr æz ə ˈstuːdənt ˈweɪstɪŋ ˈlɪtəl taɪm ɪn fækt bʌt ˈɔːfən nɪˈɡlektɪŋ hɪz əˈsaɪnd wɜːrk ənd səmˈtaɪmz ˈlæpsɪŋ ˈɪntuː maɪld dɪˈsɔːrdər tuː ðə ɪkˈstent ʌv ˈfɑːlɪŋ ˈʌndər ˈkɑːlɪdʒ ˈdɪsəplən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

boarding noun US /ˈbɔːrdɪŋ/

the act of passengers and crew getting aboard a ship or aircraft

From this reading “The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.”

Elmwood noun US /ˈelmwʊd/

hard tough wood of an elm tree; used for e.g. implements and furniture

From this reading “Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.”

generated verb US /ˈdʒenəreɪtəd/

past form of “generate” — bring into existence

From this reading “Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.”

graduate verb US /ˈɡrædʒəwət/

receive an academic degree upon completion of one's studies

From this reading “His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.”

Harvard noun US /ˈhɑːrvərd/

a university in Massachusetts

From this reading “His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.”

lapsing noun US /ˈlæpsɪŋ/

a failure to maintain a higher state

From this reading “Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.”

lowell noun US /ˈloʊəl/

United States poet (1917-1977)

From this reading “JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.”

neglecting verb US /nɪˈɡlektɪŋ/

-ing form of “neglect” — leave undone or leave out

From this reading “Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

boarding school noun + noun

a private school where students are lodged and fed as well as taught

In this reading “The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.”

three miles noun + noun counted as “three mile”

In this reading “His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.”

entered college verb + noun counted as “enter college”

In this reading “The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.”

in fact preposition + noun

in reality or actuality

In this reading “Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1819

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

1838

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

1891

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

ampleadjectiveUS /ˈæmpəl/

more than enough in size or scope or capacity

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

assignedadjectiveUS /əˈsaɪnd/

appointed to a post or duty

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

boardingnounUS /ˈbɔːrdɪŋ/

the act of passengers and crew getting aboard a ship or aircraft

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

BostonnounUS /ˈbɑːstən/

state capital and largest city of Massachusetts; a major center for banking and financial services

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

CambridgenounUS /ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/

a university in England

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

collegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

disordernounUS /dɪˈsɔːrdər/

a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

distinctionnounUS /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

ElmwoodnounUS /ˈelmwʊd/

hard tough wood of an elm tree; used for e.g. implements and furniture

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

generatedverbUS /ˈdʒenəreɪtəd/

past form of “generate” — bring into existence

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

graduateverbUS /ˈɡrædʒəwət/

receive an academic degree upon completion of one's studies

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

HarvardnounUS /ˈhɑːrvərd/

a university in Massachusetts

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

indoorsadverbUS /ˈɪndɔːrz/

within a building

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

industriousadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdʌstriəs/

characterized by hard work and perseverance

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

JAMESnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

lapsingnounUS /ˈlæpsɪŋ/

a failure to maintain a higher state

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

LikeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

LOWELLnounUS /ˈloʊəl/

United States poet (1917-1977)

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

mansionnounUS /ˈmænʃən/

(astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

mildadjectiveUS /maɪld/

moderate in type or degree or effect or force; far from extreme

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

neglectingverbUS /nɪˈɡlektɪŋ/

-ing form of “neglect” — leave undone or leave out

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

pastornounUS /ˈpæstər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

ReverendnounUS /ˈrevərənd/

a member of the clergy and a spiritual leader of the Christian Church

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

RUSSELLnounUS /ˈrʌsəl/

United States religious leader who founded the sect that is now called Jehovah's Witnesses (1852-1916)

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

scholarsnounUS /ˈskɑːlərz/

plural of “scholar” — a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

studentnounUS /ˈstuːdənt/

a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

wastingnounUS /ˈweɪstɪŋ/

any general reduction in vitality and strength of body and mind resulting from a debilitating chronic disease

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading His father, the Reverend Charles Lowell, a Harvard graduate, was pastor of the West Church in Boston, three miles away.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The boy was one of a few day scholars at an excellent boarding school in town, from which he entered college in the class of 1838.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Elmwood was an ample New England mansion with the literary atmosphere indoors that is generated by the presence of good books and good talk.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Like many another man of later distinction in letters, he was more industrious than regular as a student, wasting little time in fact, but often neglecting his assigned work and sometimes lapsing into mild disorder to the extent of falling under college discipline.

youngestadjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡəst/

superlative of “young” — (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) was born in Cambridge, the youngest of six children.

Chapter 19 of A History of American Literature by Percy Holmes Boynton holds 274 sentences, grouped into 55 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of A History of American Literature contain?

Chapter 19 holds 274 sentences of A History of American Literature, unabridged, divided into 55 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of A History of American Literature by Percy Holmes Boynton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 274 sentences, grouped into 55 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of A History of American Literature?

Work through the 55 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 55 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A History of American Literature

Common questions about reading A History of American Literature by Percy Holmes Boynton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A History of American Literature?

Yes. All 8487 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45353 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A History of American Literature is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45353, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A History of American Literature take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1698 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A History of American Literature section by section

How to work through A History of American Literature section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of A History of American Literature to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A History of American Literature

Words and structures a reader meets early in A History of American Literature, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Unable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Reproduce
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.