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A History of American Literature Since 1870
A History of American Literature Since 1870

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 is here in full — 460 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.
While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.
Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.
Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.
I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A History of American Literature Since 1870

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 is here in full — 460 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/92 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.
Line 2
While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.
/waɪl ðə nuː ˈloʊkəl ˈkʌlər skuːl wɑːz ˈrænsækɪŋ ðə ɑːd ˈkɔːrnərz ʌv ðə lænd fɔːr ˈkjʊriəs taɪps ʌv hjuːˈmænɪti ðiːz ˈraɪtərz wɜːr ˈkɔːlɪŋ əˈtenʃən tuː ðə ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː ənˈnoʊtɪst fəˈnɑːmənə ʌv fiːldz ənd ˈmedoʊz ənd ˈwʊdlændz/
Line 3
Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.
/ˈhændbʊks ʌv bɜːrdz ənd triːz ˈneɪtʃər ɡaɪdz ənd tʃɑːrts ʌv ɔːl vərˈaɪətiz wɜːr ˈmʌltəplaɪd/
Line 4
Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.
Line 5
I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

charts noun US /tʃɑːrts/

plural of “chart” — a visual display of information

From this reading “Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.”

curriculum noun US /kəˈrɪk.jə.ləm/

The subjects comprising a course of study in a school or magical academy.

From this reading “Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.”

fad noun US /fæd/

an interest followed with exaggerated zeal

From this reading “Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.”

Handbooks noun US /ˈhændbʊks/

plural of “handbook” — a concise reference book providing specific information about a subject or location

From this reading “Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.”

insistence noun US /ˌɪnˈsɪstəns/

continual and persistent demands

From this reading “RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.”

ransacking noun US /ˈrænsækɪŋ/

a thorough search for something (often causing disorder or confusion)

From this reading “While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.”

Thoreau noun US /θərˈoʊ/

United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)

From this reading “I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.”

woodlands noun US /ˈwʊdlændz/

plural of “woodland” — land that is covered with trees and shrubs

From this reading “While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

local color adjective + noun

In this reading “While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.”

public school noun + noun

a tuition free school in the United States supported by taxes and controlled by a school board

In this reading “Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.”

odd corners adjective + noun counted as “odd corner”

In this reading “While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.”

calling attention noun + noun

In this reading “While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.”

new discovery adjective + noun

In this reading “RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.

callingnounUS /ˈkɔːlɪŋ/

the particular occupation for which you are trained

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

chartsnounUS /tʃɑːrts/

plural of “chart” — a visual display of information

From this reading Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.

CiviladjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəl/

applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

colornounUS /ˈkʌlər/

a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

cornersnounUS /ˈkɔːrnərz/

plural of “corner” — a place off to the side of an area

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

creatornounUS /kriˈeɪtər/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

curriculumnounUS /kəˈrɪk.jə.ləm/

The subjects comprising a course of study in a school or magical academy.

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

DavidnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

dilettantes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

fadnounUS /fæd/

an interest followed with exaggerated zeal

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

guidesnounUS /ɡaɪdz/

plural of “guide” — someone employed to conduct others

From this reading Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.

HandbooksnounUS /ˈhændbʊks/

plural of “handbook” — a concise reference book providing specific information about a subject or location

From this reading Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

hithertoadverbUS /ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

humanitynounUS /hjuːˈmænɪti/

the quality of being humane

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

insistencenounUS /ˌɪnˈsɪstəns/

continual and persistent demands

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

inspirernoun

a leader who stimulates and excites people to action

From this reading I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

meadowsnounUS /ˈmedoʊz/

plural of “meadow” — a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

multipliedadjectiveUS /ˈmʌltəplaɪd/

greatly increased as by multiplication

From this reading Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.

NATUREnounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

oddadjectiveUS /ɑːd/

not divisible by two

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

phasenounUS /feɪz/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

phenomenanounUS /fəˈnɑːmənə/

plural of “phenomenon” — any state or process known through the senses rather than by intuition or reasoning

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

rangedverbUS /reɪndʒd/

past form of “range” — change or be different within limits

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

ransackingnounUS /ˈrænsækɪŋ/

a thorough search for something (often causing disorder or confusion)

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

RISEverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

solemnadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləm/

dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

ThoreaunounUS /θərˈoʊ/

United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)

From this reading I The creator and inspirer and greatest figure of this school of nature writers was Henry David Thoreau.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.

typesnounUS /taɪps/

plural of “type” — a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

unnoticedadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊtɪst/

not noticed

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

varietiesnounUS /vərˈaɪətiz/

plural of “variety” — a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading Handbooks of birds and trees, nature guides and charts of all varieties were multiplied.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Nature study became an art, and it ranged all the way from a fad for dilettantes to a solemn exercise in the public school curriculum.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

woodlandsnounUS /ˈwʊdlændz/

plural of “woodland” — land that is covered with trees and shrubs

From this reading While the new local color school was ransacking the odd corners of the land for curious types of humanity, these writers were calling attention to the hitherto unnoticed phenomena of fields and meadows and woodlands.

WRITERSnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading RISE OF THE NATURE WRITERS One phase of the new discovery of America following the Civil War--return to reality, insistence upon things as they are--expressed itself in nature study.

Chapter 8 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 by Fred Lewis Pattee holds 460 sentences, grouped into 92 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 contain?

Chapter 8 holds 460 sentences of A History of American Literature Since 1870, unabridged, divided into 92 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 by Fred Lewis Pattee exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 460 sentences, grouped into 92 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of A History of American Literature Since 1870?

Work through the 92 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 92 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A History of American Literature Since 1870

Common questions about reading A History of American Literature Since 1870 by Fred Lewis Pattee on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A History of American Literature Since 1870?

Yes. All 7966 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42593 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A History of American Literature Since 1870 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42593, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A History of American Literature Since 1870 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1594 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A History of American Literature Since 1870 section by section

How to work through A History of American Literature Since 1870 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of A History of American Literature Since 1870 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A History of American Literature Since 1870

Words and structures a reader meets early in A History of American Literature Since 1870, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Lifespans
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature Since 1870; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
People
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature Since 1870; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Still
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature Since 1870; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Living
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature Since 1870; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.