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A History of American Literature Since 1870
A History of American Literature Since 1870

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.
On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.
But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.
As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.
The idealizing novelists will be the real novelists.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A History of American Literature Since 1870

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.
/ðə nuː roʊˈmæns ðə ˈnɑːvələsts huː bɪˈɡæn ðer wɜːrk ɪn ðə ˈsevəntiz faʊnd ðemˈselvz ɪn ə dɪˈlemə/
Line 2
On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.
Line 3
But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.
Line 4
As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.
Line 5
The idealizing novelists will be the real novelists.
/ðə aɪˈdiːlaɪzɪŋ ˈnɑːvələsts wɪl biː ðə riːl ˈnɑːvələsts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

backgrounds noun US /ˈbækɡraʊndz/

plural of “background” — a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading “But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.”

Howells noun US /ˈhaʊəlz/

United States writer and editor (1837-1920)

From this reading “On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.”

Ibsen noun US /ˈɪbsən/

realistic Norwegian author who wrote plays on social and political themes (1828-1906)

From this reading “On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.”

idealize verb US /aɪˈdiːlaɪz/

consider or render as ideal

From this reading “As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.”

idealizing verb US /aɪˈdiːlaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “idealize” — consider or render as ideal

From this reading “The idealizing novelists will be the real novelists.”

novelists noun US /ˈnɑːvələsts/

plural of “novelist” — one who writes novels

From this reading “THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.”

seventies noun US /ˈsevəntiz/

the decade from 1970 to 1979

From this reading “THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.”

Tolstoy noun US /ˈtoʊlstɔɪ/

Russian author remembered for two great novels (1828-1910)

From this reading “On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

other hand adjective + noun

In this reading “But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.”

new world adjective + noun

the hemisphere that includes North America and South America

In this reading “But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1872

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

backgroundsnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊndz/

plural of “background” — a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

barrenadjectiveUS /ˈbærən/

providing no shelter or sustenance

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

BostonnounUS /ˈbɑːstən/

state capital and largest city of Massachusetts; a major center for banking and financial services

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

colonialadjectiveUS /kəˈloʊniəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

coloredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌlərd/

having color or a certain color; sometimes used in combination

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

declaredadjectiveUS /dɪˈklerd/

made known or openly avowed

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

dilemmanounUS /dɪˈlemə/

state of uncertainty or perplexity especially as requiring a choice between equally unfavorable options

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

DutchadjectiveUS /dʌtʃ/

of or relating to the Netherlands or its people or culture

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

eranounUS /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

everywhereadverbUS /ˈevriwer/

to or in any or all places

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

fictionnounUS /ˈfɪkʃən/

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

firmlyadverbUS /ˈfɜːrmli/

with resolute determination

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

HardyadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrdi/

having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

HowellsnounUS /ˈhaʊəlz/

United States writer and editor (1837-1920)

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

HudsonnounUS /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

IbsennounUS /ˈɪbsən/

realistic Norwegian author who wrote plays on social and political themes (1828-1906)

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

idealizeverbUS /aɪˈdiːlaɪz/

consider or render as ideal

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

idealizingverbUS /aɪˈdiːlaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “idealize” — consider or render as ideal

From this reading The idealizing novelists will be the real novelists.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

insistentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsɪstənt/

repetitive and persistent

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

materialadjectiveUS /məˈtɪriəl/

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

Maupassantnoun

French writer noted especially for his short stories (1850-1893)

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

NEWadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

novelistsnounUS /ˈnɑːvələsts/

plural of “novelist” — one who writes novels

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

PuritannounUS /ˈpjʊrətən/

a member of a group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries thought that the Protestant Reformation under Elizabeth was incomplete and advocated the simplification and regulation of forms of worship

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading The idealizing novelists will be the real novelists.

ReviewnounUS /ˌriːˈvjuː/

a new appraisal or evaluation

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

ROMANCEnounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

romanticadjectiveUS /roʊˈmæntɪk/

belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

SalemnounUS /ˈseɪləm/

capital of the state of Oregon in the northwestern part of the state on the Willamette River

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

seventiesnounUS /ˈsevəntiz/

the decade from 1970 to 1979

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

spannounUS /spæn/

the complete duration of something

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

spicknoun

(ethnic slur) offensive term for persons of Latin American descent

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

thrillingadjectiveUS /ˈθrɪlɪŋ/

causing a surge of emotion or excitement

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

TolstoynounUS /ˈtoʊlstɔɪ/

Russian author remembered for two great novels (1828-1910)

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

traditionnounUS /trəˈdɪʃən/

an inherited pattern of thought or action

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

vitaladjectiveUS /ˈvaɪtəl/

urgently needed; absolutely necessary

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

vividadjectiveUS /ˈvɪvəd/

evoking lifelike images within the mind

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading The idealizing novelists will be the real novelists.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On one side was the new school which was becoming more and more insistent that literature in America must be a thing American, colored by American soil, and vivid and vital with the new spirit of Ibsen, Tolstoy, Hardy, Maupassant, Howells, that was thrilling everywhere like the voice of a coming era.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading THE NEW ROMANCE The novelists who began their work in the seventies found themselves in a dilemma.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading But on the other hand there was the firmly set tradition that the new world was barren of literary material, that it lay spick and span with no romantic backgrounds save perhaps the Dutch Hudson and old Puritan Salem and colonial Boston.

writernounUS /ˈraɪtər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading As late as 1872 the _North American Review_ declared that the true writer of fiction "must idealize.

Chapter 12 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 by Fred Lewis Pattee holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 contain?

Chapter 12 holds 408 sentences of A History of American Literature Since 1870, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of A History of American Literature Since 1870 by Fred Lewis Pattee exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of A History of American Literature Since 1870?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A History of American Literature Since 1870

Common questions about reading A History of American Literature Since 1870 by Fred Lewis Pattee on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A History of American Literature Since 1870?

Yes. All 7966 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42593 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A History of American Literature Since 1870 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42593, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A History of American Literature Since 1870 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1594 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A History of American Literature Since 1870 section by section

How to work through A History of American Literature Since 1870 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in A History of American Literature Since 1870

Words and structures a reader meets early in A History of American Literature Since 1870, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Lifespans
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature Since 1870; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
People
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature Since 1870; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Still
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature Since 1870; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Living
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A History of American Literature Since 1870; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.