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A House of Gentlefolk
A House of Gentlefolk

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of A House of Gentlefolk is here in full — 22 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.
He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.
Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.
He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.
Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A House of Gentlefolk

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of A House of Gentlefolk is here in full — 22 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.
Line 2
He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.
Line 3
Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.
Line 4
He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five yearsservice, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.
Line 5
Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.
/ðen hiː maɪt hæv rɪˈlækst hɪz ˈefərts ənd hæv ˈkwaɪətli sɪˈkjʊrd hɪz peˈkjuːnieri pəˈzɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adjutant noun US /ˈædʒətənt/

an officer who acts as military assistant to a more senior officer

From this reading “Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.”

dancer noun US /ˈdænsər/

a performer who dances professionally

From this reading “He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.”

dowry noun US /ˈdaʊri/

money or property brought by a woman to her husband at marriage

From this reading “Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.”

generals noun US /ˈdʒenərəlz/

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading “Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.”

mastered adjective US /ˈmæstərd/

understood perfectly

From this reading “He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.”

niceties noun US /ˈnaɪsɪtiz/

plural of “nicety” — conformity with some esthetic standard of correctness or propriety

From this reading “He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.”

pecuniary adjective US /peˈkjuːnieri/

relating to or involving money

From this reading “Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.”

Petersburg noun US /ˈpiːtərzbərɡ/

a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War

From this reading “Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

adjutantnounUS /ˈædʒətənt/

an officer who acts as military assistant to a more senior officer

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

dancernounUS /ˈdænsər/

a performer who dances professionally

From this reading He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

distinctionnounUS /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

dowrynounUS /ˈdaʊri/

money or property brought by a woman to her husband at marriage

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

driller

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

effortsnounUS /ˈefərts/

plural of “effort” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

general-major

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

generalsnounUS /ˈdʒenərəlz/

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

harnessverbUS /ˈhɑːrnəs/

put a harness

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

Korobyin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

manoeuvres

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

masteredadjectiveUS /ˈmæstərd/

understood perfectly

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

minutest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

nicetiesnounUS /ˈnaɪsɪtiz/

plural of “nicety” — conformity with some esthetic standard of correctness or propriety

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

Pavel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

Pavlovna's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

pecuniaryadjectiveUS /peˈkjuːnieri/

relating to or involving money

From this reading Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.

PetersburgnounUS /ˈpiːtərzbərɡ/

a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

Petrovitch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

quietlyadverbUS /ˈkwaɪətli/

with low volume

From this reading Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

regimentverbUS /ˈredʒəmənt/

subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

relaxedadjectiveUS /rɪˈlækst/

without strain or anxiety

From this reading Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.

retiredadjectiveUS /rɪˈtaɪrd/

no longer active in your work or profession

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

roubles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

securedverbUS /sɪˈkjʊrd/

past form of “secure” — get by special effort

From this reading Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.

servedverbUS /sɜːrvd/

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then he might have relaxed his efforts and have quietly secured his pecuniary position.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

ThroughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

twenty-fiveadjectiveUS /ˈtwentifaɪv/

being five more than twenty

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

Varvara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Varvara Pavlovna’s father, Pavel Petrovitch Korobyin, a retired general-major, had spent his whole time on duty in Petersburg.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Through poverty, he had served as adjutant to two or three generals of no distinction, and had married the daughter of one of them with a dowry of twenty-five thousand roubles.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading He mastered all the science of military discipline and manoeuvres to the minutest niceties, he went on in harness, till at last, after twenty-five years’ service, he received the rank of a general and the command of a regiment.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading He had had the reputation in his youth of a good dancer and driller.

Chapter 11 of A House of Gentlefolk by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev holds 22 sentences, grouped into 5 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of A House of Gentlefolk contain?

Chapter 11 holds 22 sentences of A House of Gentlefolk, unabridged, divided into 5 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of A House of Gentlefolk by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 22 sentences, grouped into 5 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of A House of Gentlefolk?

Work through the 5 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 5 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A House of Gentlefolk

Common questions about reading A House of Gentlefolk by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A House of Gentlefolk?

Yes. All 3134 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5721 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A House of Gentlefolk is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5721, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A House of Gentlefolk take to read?

About 261 minutes of reading across 627 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A House of Gentlefolk section by section

How to work through A House of Gentlefolk section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A House of Gentlefolk

Words and structures a reader meets early in A House of Gentlefolk, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Entered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A House of Gentlefolk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wearing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A House of Gentlefolk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Overcoat
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A House of Gentlefolk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rather
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A House of Gentlefolk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.