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A House of Gentlefolk
A House of Gentlefolk

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of A House of Gentlefolk is here in full — 99 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.
Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.
She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.
Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.
He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A House of Gentlefolk

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of A House of Gentlefolk is here in full — 99 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.
Line 2
Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.
Line 3
She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.
/ʃiː wɑːz ɪn hɜːr tenθ jɪr wen hɜːr ˈfɑːðər daɪd bʌt hiː hæd nɑːt ˈtrʌbəld hɪmˈself mʌtʃ əˈbaʊt hɜːr/
Line 4
Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.
Line 5
He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.
/hiː wɜːrkt tʊk noʊ rest frʌm ˈbɪznəs slept ˈlɪtəl ˈrerli pleɪd kɑːrdz ənd wɜːrkt əˈɡen/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bilious adjective US /ˈbɪliəs/

relating to or containing bile

From this reading “Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.”

developed adjective US /dɪˈveləpt/

being changed over time so as to be e.g. stronger or more complete or more useful

From this reading “The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.”

necessities noun US /nəˈsesɪtiz/

plural of “necessity” — the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading “Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.”

rarely adverb US /ˈrerli/

not often

From this reading “He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.”

teachers noun US /ˈtiːtʃərz/

plural of “teacher” — a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading “Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.”

tenth noun US /tenθ/

a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading “She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.”

tutors noun US /ˈtuːtərz/

plural of “tutor” — a person who gives private instruction (as in singing, acting, etc.)

From this reading “Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.”

Weighed verb US /weɪd/

past form of “weigh” — have a certain weight

From this reading “Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

biliousadjectiveUS /ˈbɪliəs/

relating to or containing bile

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

cardsnounUS /kɑːrdz/

a game played with playing cards

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

caresnounUS /kerz/

plural of “care” — the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

dandleverb

move (a baby) up and down in one's arms or on one's knees

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

dandling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

developedadjectiveUS /dɪˈveləpt/

being changed over time so as to be e.g. stronger or more complete or more useful

From this reading The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.

endureverbUS /enˈdjʊr/

put up with something or somebody unpleasant

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.

impatientadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃənt/

restless or short-tempered under delay or opposition

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

increasenounUS /ˌɪnˈkriːs/

a quantity that is added

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.

Lavretsky

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.

Letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.

Lisa's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

necessitiesnounUS /nəˈsesɪtiz/

plural of “necessity” — the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

playedadjectiveUS /pleɪd/

(of games) engaged in

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

rarelyadverbUS /ˈrerli/

not often

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

squallers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

teachersnounUS /ˈtiːtʃərz/

plural of “teacher” — a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

tenthnounUS /tenθ/

a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

troubledadjectiveUS /ˈtrʌbəld/

characterized by or indicative of distress or affliction or danger or need

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

tutorsnounUS /ˈtuːtərz/

plural of “tutor” — a person who gives private instruction (as in singing, acting, etc.)

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

unsparinglyadverb

in a scathing and unsparing manner

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The reader knows how Lavretsky grew up and developed.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

WeighedverbUS /weɪd/

past form of “weigh” — have a certain weight

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Weighed down with business cares, for ever anxious for the increase of his property, bilious, sharp and impatient, he gave money unsparingly for the teachers, tutors, dress and other necessities of his children; but he could not endure, as he expressed it, “to be dandling his squallers,” and indeed had no time to dandle them.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading Let us say a few words about Lisa’s education.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading He worked, took no rest from business, slept little, rarely played cards, and worked again.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading She was in her tenth year when her father died; but he had not troubled himself much about her.

Chapter 31 of A House of Gentlefolk by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev holds 99 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of A House of Gentlefolk contain?

Chapter 31 holds 99 sentences of A House of Gentlefolk, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of A House of Gentlefolk by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 99 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of A House of Gentlefolk?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A House of Gentlefolk

Common questions about reading A House of Gentlefolk by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A House of Gentlefolk?

Yes. All 3134 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5721 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A House of Gentlefolk is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5721, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A House of Gentlefolk take to read?

About 261 minutes of reading across 627 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A House of Gentlefolk section by section

How to work through A House of Gentlefolk section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of A House of Gentlefolk to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A House of Gentlefolk

Words and structures a reader meets early in A House of Gentlefolk, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Entered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A House of Gentlefolk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wearing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A House of Gentlefolk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Overcoat
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A House of Gentlefolk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rather
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A House of Gentlefolk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.