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A Hungarian Nabob
A Hungarian Nabob

Chapter II

Cover illustration for A Hungarian Nabob
Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.
One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.
Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.
The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.
In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Hungarian Nabob

Chapter II

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.
Line 2
One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.
Line 3
Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.
Line 4
The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.
Line 5
In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.”

Along preposition US /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.”

Nothing pronoun US /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading “Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1780

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

accordingly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

ago

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.

also

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

ate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

BARGAIN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.

capitalists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

credit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.

dealings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.

finance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

FORprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.

Griffard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.

knowledge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

limited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

LIVING

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

MAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.

mania

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.

meant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.

millionaire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.

Mississippi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.

Monsieur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

needy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

paid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

Paris

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

pastry-cook

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

richest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

science

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

SKIN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

somewhere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

students

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

suburbs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A BARGAIN FOR THE SKIN OF A LIVING MAN.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In those days every man in Paris meant to be a millionaire.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

wares

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of the richest capitalists in Paris at this time was Monsieur Griffard.

whirled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Mississippi mania whirled him along with it also.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Not so very long ago, somewhere about 1780, Griffard was nothing more than a pastry-cook in one of the suburbs of the city, and his knowledge of the science of finance was limited to his dealings with the needy students who ate his wares on credit, and paid for them accordingly.