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A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland
A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.
A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.
A nation of hunters may have exhausted their game.
I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.
In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.
/aɪ wʊd nɑːt biː ˌʌndərˈstʊd tuː seɪ ðæt nəˈsesəti hæd ˈnevər ˈeni pɑːrt ɪn ðer ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz/
Line 2
A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.
Line 3
A nation of hunters may have exhausted their game.
/ə ˈneɪʃən ʌv ˈhʌntərz meɪ hæv ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd ðer ɡeɪm/
Line 4
I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.
Line 5
In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affirm verb US /əˈfɜːrm/

establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts

From this reading “I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.”

agriculture noun US /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/

a large-scale farming enterprise

From this reading “A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.”

expeditions noun US /ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “expedition” — a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading “I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.”

famine noun US /ˈfæmən/

an acute insufficiency

From this reading “A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.”

fertility noun US /fərˈtɪləti/

the ratio of live births in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 population per year

From this reading “I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.”

inhabited adjective US /ˌɪnˈhæbətəd/

having inhabitants; lived in

From this reading “In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.”

scanty adjective US /ˈskænti/

lacking in magnitude or quantity

From this reading “A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.”

territory noun US /ˈterɪtɔːri/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading “I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

affirmverbUS /əˈfɜːrm/

establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

afterwardadverbUS /ˈæftərwərd/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

agriculturenounUS /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/

a large-scale farming enterprise

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

evidentadjectiveUS /ˈevədənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading A nation of hunters may have exhausted their game.

expeditionsnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “expedition” — a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

faminenounUS /ˈfæmən/

an acute insufficiency

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

fertilitynounUS /fərˈtɪləti/

the ratio of live births in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 population per year

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

fullyadverbUS /ˈfʊli/

to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

gamenounUS /ɡeɪm/

a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading A nation of hunters may have exhausted their game.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading A nation of hunters may have exhausted their game.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

huntersnounUS /ˈhʌntərz/

plural of “hunter” — someone who hunts game

From this reading A nation of hunters may have exhausted their game.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

inhabitedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈhæbətəd/

having inhabitants; lived in

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

irruptions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A nation of hunters may have exhausted their game.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

overpeopled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

populousness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

regionsnounUS /ˈriːdʒənz/

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

RomansnounUS /ˈroʊmənz/

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

scantyadjectiveUS /ˈskænti/

lacking in magnitude or quantity

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

subduedadjectiveUS /səbˈduːd/

in a softened tone

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

territorynounUS /ˈterɪtɔːri/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

unskilful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading A nation, whose agriculture is scanty or unskilful, may be driven out by famine.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading In a country fully inhabited, however afterward laid waste, evident marks will remain of its former populousness.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I only affirm that the northern regions were not, when their irruptions subdued the Romans, overpeopled with regard to their real extent of territory, and power of fertility.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading I would not be understood to say, that necessity had never any part in their expeditions.

Chapter 10 of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland by Samuel Johnson holds 147 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland contain?

Chapter 10 holds 147 sentences of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland by Samuel Johnson exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 147 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland

Common questions about reading A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland by Samuel Johnson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland?

Yes. All 2156 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2064 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2064, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland take to read?

About 179 minutes of reading across 432 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland section by section

How to work through A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Desired
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Visit
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hebrides
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Western
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.