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A Lad of Grit
A Lad of Grit

Chapter VIII · Of an Encounter with an Algerine Corsair

Chapter VIII of A Lad of Grit, “Of an Encounter with an Algerine Corsair,” is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.
Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.
Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.
Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.
Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Lad of Grit

Chapter VIII · Of an Encounter with an Algerine Corsair

Chapter VIII of A Lad of Grit, “Of an Encounter with an Algerine Corsair,” is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.
Line 2
Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.
Line 3
Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.
/hɜːr spiːd wɑːz rɪˈtɑːrdɪd baɪ ðə ˈprezəns ʌv ə θɪk ˈvedʒtəbəl ɡroʊθ ɑːn hɜːr ˈbɑːtəm hɜːr seɪlz hæd lɔːst ðer ˈprɪstin ˈbjuːti waɪl hɜːr saɪdz ðoʊ ˈɔːfən riˈpeɪntɪd bɔːr saɪnz ʌv ðə ɪˈfekt ʌv ˈtɔːrəd hiːt ənd ðə bəˈfeɪɪŋ ʌv ðə weɪvz/
Line 4
Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.
Line 5
Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bowling noun US /ˈboʊlɪŋ/

a game in which balls are rolled at an object or group of objects with the aim of knocking them over or moving them

From this reading “The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.”

buffeting noun US /bəˈfeɪɪŋ/

repeated heavy blows

From this reading “Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.”

disciplined adjective US /ˈdɪsəplənd/

obeying the rules

From this reading “Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.”

Majorca noun US /maɪˈɔːrkə/

the largest of the Balearic Islands

From this reading “The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.”

pristine adjective US /ˈprɪstin/

completely free from dirt or contamination

From this reading “Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.”

repainted verb US /riˈpeɪntɪd/

past form of “repaint” — paint again

From this reading “Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.”

retarded adjective US /rɪˈtɑːrdɪd/

relatively slow in mental or emotional or physical development

From this reading “Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.”

torrid adjective US /ˈtɔːrəd/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading “Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fifty miles noun + noun counted as “fifty mile”

In this reading “The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.”

Three years noun + noun

In this reading “Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.”

miles south noun + noun counted as “mile south”

In this reading “The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.”

great difference adjective + noun

In this reading “Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.”

some fifty adjective + noun

In this reading “The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

boreverbUS /bɔːr/

cause to be bored

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

bowlingnounUS /ˈboʊlɪŋ/

a game in which balls are rolled at an object or group of objects with the aim of knocking them over or moving them

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

buffetingnounUS /bəˈfeɪɪŋ/

repeated heavy blows

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

changesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

crewnounUS /kruː/

the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

disciplinedadjectiveUS /ˈdɪsəplənd/

obeying the rules

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

diseasenounUS /dɪˈziːz/

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

dreadedadjectiveUS /ˈdredɪd/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

gallantadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

Gannetnoun

large heavily built seabird with a long stout bill noted for its plunging dives for fish

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

growthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

jacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

MajorcanounUS /maɪˈɔːrkə/

the largest of the Balearic Islands

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

midshipmennounUS /ˈmɪdˈʃɪpmen/

plural of “midshipman” — a temporary rank held by young naval officers in training

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

pristineadjectiveUS /ˈprɪstin/

completely free from dirt or contamination

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

reducedadjectiveUS /rəˈduːst/

made less in size or amount or degree

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

repaintedverbUS /riˈpeɪntɪd/

past form of “repaint” — paint again

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

retardedadjectiveUS /rɪˈtɑːrdɪd/

relatively slow in mental or emotional or physical development

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

sailsnounUS /seɪlz/

plural of “sail” — a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

seatime

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

ship'snounUS /ʃɪps/

possessive form of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

signsnounUS /saɪnz/

plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

speedverbUS /spiːd/

move hurridly

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

torridadjectiveUS /ˈtɔːrəd/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

undergoneverbUS /ˌʌndərˈɡɔːn/

inflected form of “undergo” — pass through

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

vegetablenounUS /ˈvedʒtəbəl/

edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

victimnounUS /ˈvɪktəm/

an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The _Gannet_ was bowling along under easy sail some fifty miles south of Majorca.

wavesnounUS /weɪvz/

plural of “wave” — one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

well-seasoned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Her speed was retarded by the presence of a thick vegetable growth on her bottom, her sails had lost their pristine beauty, while her sides, though often repainted, bore signs of the effect of torrid heat and the buffeting of the waves.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

woundsnounUS /wuːndz/

plural of “wound” — an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading Her crew, too, had undergone considerable changes; wounds and disease had reduced the number of her gallant men, while those who were left were now well-seasoned and disciplined.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Three years of seatime had made a great difference in her appearance.

yellowadjectiveUS /ˈjeloʊ/

of the color intermediate between green and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg yolk

From this reading Of the ship’s officers only three had gone to their last account--the master, who had fallen a victim to the dreaded "yellow jack", and two of the midshipmen.

Chapter 8 of A Lad of Grit by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman holds 93 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of A Lad of Grit contain?

Chapter 8 holds 93 sentences of A Lad of Grit, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of A Lad of Grit by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 93 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of A Lad of Grit?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Lad of Grit

Common questions about reading A Lad of Grit by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Lad of Grit?

Yes. All 2389 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #39490 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Lad of Grit is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #39490, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Lad of Grit take to read?

About 199 minutes of reading across 478 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Lad of Grit section by section

How to work through A Lad of Grit section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of A Lad of Grit to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Lad of Grit

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Lad of Grit, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Slowly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Lad of Grit; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sinking
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Lad of Grit; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Behind
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Lad of Grit; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tree-clad
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Lad of Grit; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.