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A Lady of Rome
A Lady of Rome

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of A Lady of Rome is here in full — 286 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Lady of Rome
Context Illustration Reading 1/57 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.
It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.
No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.
The envelope contained two sheets of paper.
She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Lady of Rome

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of A Lady of Rome is here in full — 286 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.
/tuː deɪz ˈleɪtər mərˈiːə rəˈsiːvd ə ˈletər frʌm ˈneɪpəlz əˈdrest ɪn ə raʊnd kəˈmɜːrʃəl ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/
Line 2
It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.
Line 3
No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.
/noʊ wʌn hæd ˈevər ˈrɪtən hɜːr ə ˈbɪznəs ˈletər frʌm ˈneɪpəlz/
Line 4
The envelope contained two sheets of paper.
/ðə ˈenvəloʊp kənˈteɪnd tuː ʃiːts ʌv ˈpeɪpər/
Line 5
She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

commercial adjective US /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading “Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.”

envelope noun US /ˈenvəloʊp/

a flat (usually rectangular) container for a letter, thin package, etc.

From this reading “The envelope contained two sheets of paper.”

exclamation noun US /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃən/

an abrupt excited utterance

From this reading “She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.”

handwriting noun US /ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/

something written by hand

From this reading “Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.”

Maria noun US /mərˈiːə/

a dark region of considerable extent on the surface of the moon

From this reading “Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.”

Naples noun US /ˈneɪpəlz/

a port and tourist center in southwestern Italy; capital of the Campania region

From this reading “Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.”

photographed verb US /ˈfoʊtəɡræft/

past form of “photograph” — record on photographic film

From this reading “She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.”

sheets noun US /ʃiːts/

plural of “sheet” — any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading “The envelope contained two sheets of paper.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

mere curiosity adjective + noun

In this reading “It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.”

Two days noun + noun

In this reading “Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.”

spread out verb + adjective

move outward

In this reading “She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.”

ever written adverb + adjective

In this reading “No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.”

copy of verb + particle

In this reading “She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

addressedadjectiveUS /əˈdrest/

(of mail) marked with a destination

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

Castiglione's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

commercialadjectiveUS /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

containedadjectiveUS /kənˈteɪnd/

gotten under control

From this reading The envelope contained two sheets of paper.

contentsnounUS /ˈkɑːntents/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

copynounUS /ˈkɑːpi/

a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

curiositynounUS /ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti/

a state in which you want to learn more about something

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

envelopenounUS /ˈenvəloʊp/

a flat (usually rectangular) container for a letter, thin package, etc.

From this reading The envelope contained two sheets of paper.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.

exclamationnounUS /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃən/

an abrupt excited utterance

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

glanceverbUS /ɡlæns/

throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

guessedverbUS /ɡest/

past form of “guess” — expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.

handwritingnounUS /ˈhændraɪtɪŋ/

something written by hand

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.

horrornounUS /ˈhɔːrər/

intense and profound fear

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

MarianounUS /mərˈiːə/

a dark region of considerable extent on the surface of the moon

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

NaplesnounUS /ˈneɪpəlz/

a port and tourist center in southwestern Italy; capital of the Campania region

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading The envelope contained two sheets of paper.

photographedverbUS /ˈfoʊtəɡræft/

past form of “photograph” — record on photographic film

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

sheetsnounUS /ʃiːts/

plural of “sheet” — any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading The envelope contained two sheets of paper.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

TwonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Two days later Maria received a letter from Naples, addressed in a round, commercial handwriting.

utteredadjectiveUS /ˈʌtərd/

communicated in words

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading She spread out one of them to read, but at the first glance she uttered an exclamation of horror; what she saw was a photographed copy of one of Castiglione’s letters to her.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It came with two or three others, of which she guessed the contents, and she opened it first from mere curiosity.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading No one had ever written her a business letter from Naples.

Chapter 18 of A Lady of Rome by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford holds 286 sentences, grouped into 58 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of A Lady of Rome contain?

Chapter 18 holds 286 sentences of A Lady of Rome, unabridged, divided into 58 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of A Lady of Rome by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 286 sentences, grouped into 58 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of A Lady of Rome?

Work through the 58 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 58 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Lady of Rome

Common questions about reading A Lady of Rome by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Lady of Rome?

Yes. All 5281 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47624 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Lady of Rome is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47624, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Lady of Rome take to read?

About 440 minutes of reading across 1057 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Lady of Rome section by section

How to work through A Lady of Rome section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of A Lady of Rome to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Lady of Rome

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Lady of Rome, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Lady of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Saracinesca
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Lady of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Margaret
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Lady of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Electrotyped
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Lady of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.