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A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits
A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.
Their dependence on French and Italian models.
In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.
Elizabethan sonnets were commonly the artificial products of the poet's fancy.
A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.
/læk ʌv ˈdʒenjəwən ˈsentəmənt ɪn ˌelɪzəˈbiːθən ˈsɑːnɪts/
Line 2
Their dependence on French and Italian models.
/ðer dɪˈpendəns ɑːn frentʃ ənd ˌɪˈtæljən ˈmɑːdəlz/
Line 3
In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.
/ɪn ˌwʌˈtevər ˈɔːrdər ˈʃeɪkspiːrz ˈsɑːnɪts biː ˈstʌdid ðə kleɪm ðæt hæz bɪn ədˈvænst ɪn ðer bɪˈhæf tuː ræŋk æz ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl ˈdɑːkjəmənts kæn ˈoʊnli biː ækˈseptɪd wɪð ˈmeni ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃənz/
Line 4
Elizabethan sonnets were commonly the artificial products of the poet's fancy.
/ˌelɪzəˈbiːθən ˈsɑːnɪts wɜːr ˈkɑːmənli ðə ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəl ˈprɑːdəkts ʌv ðə ˈpoʊəts ˈfænsi/
Line 5
A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.
/ə streɪn ʌv ˈpɜːrsɪnəl ɪˈmoʊʃən ɪz əˈkeɪʒənəli dɪˈsɜːrnəbəl ɪn ə dɪˈtætʃt ˈefərt ənd ɪz ˈveɪɡli ˈtreɪsəbəl ɪn ə fjuː ˈsiːkwənsəz bʌt ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl kənˈfeʃənz wɜːr ˈveri ˈrerli ðə stʌf ʌv wɪtʃ ðə ˌelɪzəˈbiːθən ˈsɑːnɪt wɑːz meɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

autobiographical adjective US /ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of an autobiographer

From this reading “In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.”

confessions noun US /kənˈfeʃənz/

plural of “confession” — an admission of misdeeds or faults

From this reading “A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.”

discernible adjective US /dɪˈsɜːrnəbəl/

perceptible by the senses or intellect

From this reading “A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.”

Elizabethan noun US /ˌelɪzəˈbiːθən/

a person who lived during the reign of Elizabeth I

From this reading “Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.”

sequences noun US /ˈsiːkwənsəz/

plural of “sequence” — serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern

From this reading “A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.”

sonnet noun US /ˈsɑːnɪt/

a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading “A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.”

sonnets noun US /ˈsɑːnɪts/

plural of “sonnet” — a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading “Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.”

traceable adjective US /ˈtreɪsəbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) able to be traced to

From this reading “A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Their dependence on French and Italian models.

artificialadjectiveUS /ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəl/

contrived by art rather than nature

From this reading Elizabethan sonnets were commonly the artificial products of the poet's fancy.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

autobiographicaladjectiveUS /ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of an autobiographer

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

behalfnounUS /bɪˈhæf/

as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as “on behalf of” rather than “in behalf of”)

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

claimnounUS /kleɪm/

an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

commonlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːmənli/

under normal conditions

From this reading Elizabethan sonnets were commonly the artificial products of the poet's fancy.

confessionsnounUS /kənˈfeʃənz/

plural of “confession” — an admission of misdeeds or faults

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

dependencenounUS /dɪˈpendəns/

the state of relying on or being controlled by someone or something else

From this reading Their dependence on French and Italian models.

detachedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtætʃt/

showing lack of emotional involvement

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

discernibleadjectiveUS /dɪˈsɜːrnəbəl/

perceptible by the senses or intellect

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

documentsnounUS /ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

plural of “document” — writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

ElizabethannounUS /ˌelɪzəˈbiːθən/

a person who lived during the reign of Elizabeth I

From this reading Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.

emotionnounUS /ɪˈmoʊʃən/

any strong feeling

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

fancynounUS /ˈfænsi/

something many people believe that is false

From this reading Elizabethan sonnets were commonly the artificial products of the poet's fancy.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Their dependence on French and Italian models.

genuineadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenjəwən/

not fake or counterfeit

From this reading Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading Their dependence on French and Italian models.

LacknounUS /læk/

the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

modelsnounUS /ˈmɑːdəlz/

plural of “model” — a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading Their dependence on French and Italian models.

occasionallyadverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

sporadically and infrequently

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Their dependence on French and Italian models.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

poet'snounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

possessive form of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading Elizabethan sonnets were commonly the artificial products of the poet's fancy.

productsnounUS /ˈprɑːdəkts/

plural of “product” — commodities offered for sale

From this reading Elizabethan sonnets were commonly the artificial products of the poet's fancy.

qualificationsnounUS /ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “qualification” — an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

rarelyadverbUS /ˈrerli/

not often

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

sentimentnounUS /ˈsentəmənt/

tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.

sequencesnounUS /ˈsiːkwənsəz/

plural of “sequence” — serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

Shakespeare'snounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːrz/

possessive form of “shakespeare” — English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

sonnetnounUS /ˈsɑːnɪt/

a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

sonnetsnounUS /ˈsɑːnɪts/

plural of “sonnet” — a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme

From this reading Lack of genuine sentiment in Elizabethan sonnets.

strainnounUS /streɪn/

(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

stuffnounUS /stʌf/

the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their dependence on French and Italian models.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

traceableadjectiveUS /ˈtreɪsəbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) able to be traced to

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

vaguelyadverbUS /ˈveɪɡli/

in a vague way

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Elizabethan sonnets were commonly the artificial products of the poet's fancy.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A strain of personal emotion is occasionally discernible in a detached effort, and is vaguely traceable in a few sequences; but autobiographical confessions were very rarely the stuff of which the Elizabethan sonnet was made.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In whatever order Shakespeare's sonnets be studied, the claim that has been advanced in their behalf to rank as autobiographical documents can only be accepted with many qualifications.

Chapter 3 of A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits by Sidney, Sir Lee holds 437 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits contain?

Chapter 3 holds 437 sentences of A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits by Sidney, Sir Lee exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 437 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

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Vocabulary met early in A Life of William Shakespeare with portraits

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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