Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
A Miscellany of Men
A Miscellany of Men

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of A Miscellany of Men is here in full — 163 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Miscellany of Men
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.
It is still the political aristocracy that asks the questions.
And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.
And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.
For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Miscellany of Men

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of A Miscellany of Men is here in full — 163 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.
/soʊ ðæt ðə ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən kʌmz tuː ðɪs ðə dɪˈmɑːkrəsi hæz ə raɪt tuː ˈænsər ˈkwestʃənz bʌt ɪt hæz noʊ raɪt tuː æsk ðem/
Line 2
It is still the political aristocracy that asks the questions.
/ɪt ɪz stɪl ðə pəˈlɪtəkəl ˌerəˈstɑːkrəsi ðæt æsks ðə ˈkwestʃənz/
Line 3
And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.
/ənd wiː ʃæl nɑːt biː ənˈriːzənəbli ˈsɪnɪkəl ɪf wiː səˈpoʊz ðæt ðə pəˈlɪtəkəl ˌerəˈstɑːkrəsi wɪl ˈɔːlweɪz biː ˈræðər ˈkerfəl wʌt ˈkwestʃənz ɪt æsks/
Line 4
And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.
Line 5
For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.
/fɔːr ðə ˈpaʊərfəl klæs wɪl tʃuːz tuː ˈkɔːrsəz ʌv ˈækʃən boʊθ ʌv ðem seɪf fɔːr ˌɪtˈself ənd ðen ɡɪv ðə dɪˈmɑːkrəsi ðə ˌɡrætəfəˈkeɪʃən ʌv ˈteɪkɪŋ wʌn kɔːrs ɔːr ðə ˈʌðər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aristocracy noun US /ˌerəˈstɑːkrəsi/

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading “It is still the political aristocracy that asks the questions.”

continues verb US /kənˈtɪnjuːz/

third-person singular of “continue” — continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading “And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.”

courses noun US /ˈkɔːrsəz/

plural of “course” — education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading “For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.”

cynical adjective US /ˈsɪnɪkəl/

believing the worst of human nature and motives; having a sneering disbelief in e.g. selflessness of others

From this reading “And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.”

democracy noun US /dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/

the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives

From this reading “So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.”

democratic adjective US /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/

characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality

From this reading “And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.”

gratification noun US /ˌɡrætəfəˈkeɪʃən/

state of being gratified or satisfied

From this reading “For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.”

unreasonably adverb US /ənˈriːzənəbli/

not in a reasonable or intelligent manner

From this reading “And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.”

All words in this reading · 76

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

answerverbUS /ˈænsər/

react verbally

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

aristocracynounUS /ˌerəˈstɑːkrəsi/

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading It is still the political aristocracy that asks the questions.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

asksverbUS /æsks/

third-person singular of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading It is still the political aristocracy that asks the questions.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

carefuladjectiveUS /ˈkerfəl/

exercising caution or showing care or attention

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

chooseverbUS /tʃuːz/

pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

comfortnounUS /ˈkʌmfərt/

a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

continuesverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuːz/

third-person singular of “continue” — continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

coursesnounUS /ˈkɔːrsəz/

plural of “course” — education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

cynicaladjectiveUS /ˈsɪnɪkəl/

believing the worst of human nature and motives; having a sneering disbelief in e.g. selflessness of others

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

democracynounUS /dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/

the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

democraticadjectiveUS /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/

characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

electionnounUS /ɪˈlekʃən/

a vote to select the winner of a position or political office

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

gratificationnounUS /ˌɡrætəfəˈkeɪʃən/

state of being gratified or satisfied

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is still the political aristocracy that asks the questions.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading It is still the political aristocracy that asks the questions.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

safeadjectiveUS /seɪf/

free from danger or the risk of harm

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

saturnalianoun

an orgiastic festival in ancient Rome in honor of Saturn

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

self-flattery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

situationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

slavesnounUS /sleɪvz/

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading It is still the political aristocracy that asks the questions.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading So that the situation comes to this: The democracy has a right to answer questions, but it has no right to ask them.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading For the powerful class will choose two courses of action, both of them safe for itself, and then give the democracy the gratification of taking one course or the other.

unreasonablyadverbUS /ənˈriːzənəbli/

not in a reasonable or intelligent manner

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading And if the dangerous comfort and self-flattery of modern England continues much longer there will be less democratic value in an English election than in a Roman saturnalia of slaves.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading And we shall not be unreasonably cynical if we suppose that the political aristocracy will always be rather careful what questions it asks.

Chapter 4 of A Miscellany of Men by G. K. (Gilbert Keith) Chesterton holds 163 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of A Miscellany of Men contain?

Chapter 4 holds 163 sentences of A Miscellany of Men, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of A Miscellany of Men by G. K. (Gilbert Keith) Chesterton exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 163 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of A Miscellany of Men?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Miscellany of Men

Common questions about reading A Miscellany of Men by G. K. (Gilbert Keith) Chesterton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Miscellany of Men?

Yes. All 2309 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2015 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Miscellany of Men is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2015, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Miscellany of Men take to read?

About 192 minutes of reading across 462 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Miscellany of Men section by section

How to work through A Miscellany of Men section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of A Miscellany of Men to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Miscellany of Men

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Miscellany of Men, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mystagogue
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Miscellany of Men; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Reactionary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Miscellany of Men; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Separatist
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Miscellany of Men; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sacred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Miscellany of Men; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.