Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
A Modern Chronicle — Complete
A Modern Chronicle — Complete

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete is here in full — 216 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Modern Chronicle — Complete
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?
Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!
And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.
The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.
The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Modern Chronicle — Complete

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete is here in full — 216 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?
Line 2
Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!
Line 3
And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.
Line 4
The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.
Line 5
The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cockle noun US /ˈkɑːkəl/

common edible European bivalve

From this reading “And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.”

ironing noun US /ˈaɪərnɪŋ/

garments (clothes or linens) that are to be (or have been) ironed

From this reading “What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?”

Persians noun US /ˈpɜːrʒənz/

plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading “Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!”

savings noun US /ˈseɪvɪŋz/

a fund of money put by as a reserve

From this reading “The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.”

Scots noun US /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading “The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.”

transgressed verb US /trænzˈɡrest/

past form of “transgress” — act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises

From this reading “Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!”

Tuesdays noun US /ˈtuːzdeɪz/

plural of “tuesday” — the third day of the week; the second working day

From this reading “What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?”

waffles noun US /ˈwɑːfəlz/

plural of “waffle” — pancake batter baked in a waffle iron

From this reading “What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?”

All words in this reading · 115

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

Ann

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

AuntnounUS /ænt/

the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

awearyadjective

physically and mentally fatigued

From this reading The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

BridgetnounUS /ˈbrɪdʒət/

Irish abbess; a patron saint of Ireland (453-523)

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

casualadjectiveUS /ˈkæʒəwəl/

marked by blithe unconcern

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

CatherinenounUS /ˈkæθərən/

first wife of Henry VIII; Henry VIII's divorce from her was the initial step of the Reformation in England (1485-1536)

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

chambernounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbər/

a natural or artificial enclosed space

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

childishadjectiveUS /ˈtʃaɪldɪʃ/

indicating a lack of maturity

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

cocklenounUS /ˈkɑːkəl/

common edible European bivalve

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

compelledverbUS /kəmˈpeld/

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

hearingnounUS /ˈhiːrɪŋ/

(law) a proceeding (usually by a court) where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence

From this reading The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

Honora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

Honora's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

housemaidnoun

a female domestic

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

invariablyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈveriəbli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

ironingnounUS /ˈaɪərnɪŋ/

garments (clothes or linens) that are to be (or have been) ironed

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

kissnounUS /kɪs/

the act of caressing with the lips (or an instance thereof)

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

kitchennounUS /ˈkɪtʃən/

a room equipped for preparing meals

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

Medes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

meltedadjectiveUS /ˈmeltəd/

changed from a solid to a liquid state

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

PersiansnounUS /ˈpɜːrʒənz/

plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

princessnounUS /ˈprɪn.ses/

The daughter of a monarch; a female member of a royal family.

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

propitiateverb

make peace with

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

qualitynounUS /ˈkwɑːləti/

an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

rewardedverbUS /rɪˈwɔːrdɪd/

past form of “reward” — bestow honor or rewards upon

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

righteousadjectiveUS /ˈraɪtʃəs/

characterized by or proceeding from accepted standards of morality or justice

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

rulesnounUS /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

saintsnounUS /seɪnts/

plural of “saint” — a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization

From this reading The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

savingsnounUS /ˈseɪvɪŋz/

a fund of money put by as a reserve

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

ScotsnounUS /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

severelyadverbUS /səˈvɪrli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

shellsnounUS /ʃelz/

plural of “shell” — ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

smileverbUS /smaɪl/

change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

stakenounUS /steɪk/

(law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading The saints themselves must at times have been aweary from hearing Honora's name.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

transgressedverbUS /trænzˈɡrest/

past form of “transgress” — act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

TuesdaysnounUS /ˈtuːzdeɪz/

plural of “tuesday” — the third day of the week; the second working day

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

wafflesnounUS /ˈwɑːfəlz/

plural of “waffle” — pancake batter baked in a waffle iron

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

winningadjectiveUS /ˈwɪnɪŋ/

having won

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading The Queen of Scots never had a more devoted chamber woman than old Catherine,--who would have gone to the stake with a smile to save her little lady a single childish ill, and who spent her savings, until severely taken to task by Aunt Mary, upon objects for which a casual wish had been expressed.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

wrathnounUS /ræθ/

intense anger (usually on an epic scale)

From this reading Bridget, who would have filled the kitchen with righteous wrath if Aunt Mary had transgressed the rules of the house, which were like the laws of the Medes and Persians!

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading What quality was it in Honora that compelled Bridget to stop her ironing on Tuesdays in order to make hot waffles for a young woman who was late to breakfast?

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading And in Honora's early youth Mary Ann, the housemaid, spent more than one painful evening writing home for cockle shells and other articles to propitiate our princess, who rewarded her with a winning smile and a kiss, which invariably melted the honest girl into tears.

Chapter 2 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete by Winston Churchill holds 216 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete contain?

Chapter 2 holds 216 sentences of A Modern Chronicle — Complete, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete by Winston Churchill exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 216 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Modern Chronicle — Complete

Common questions about reading A Modern Chronicle — Complete by Winston Churchill on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Modern Chronicle — Complete?

Yes. All 10653 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5382 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Modern Chronicle — Complete is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5382, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Modern Chronicle — Complete take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2131 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Modern Chronicle — Complete section by section

How to work through A Modern Chronicle — Complete section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of A Modern Chronicle — Complete to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Modern Chronicle — Complete

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Modern Chronicle — Complete, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Saint
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Chronicle — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Louis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Chronicle — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Called
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Chronicle — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dealers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Chronicle — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.