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A Modern Chronicle — Complete
A Modern Chronicle — Complete

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete is here in full — 355 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/71 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.
She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.
It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.
He could not,--he regretted to say, take her that morning.
His other hobby was golf.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Modern Chronicle — Complete

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete is here in full — 355 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/71 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.
Line 2
She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.
/ʃiː hæd ˈnevər hɜːrd ʌv wʌt ɪz kɔːld ˈfɔːrəstri ənd hæd ˈɔːlweɪz bɪˈliːvd ðə wʊd ʌv hɜːr ˈkʌntri tuː biː ˌɪnɪɡˈzɔːstəbəl/
Line 3
It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.
/ɪt hæd ˈnevər əˈkɜːrd tuː hɜːr tuː θɪŋk ʌv ə waɪld ˈfɔːrəst æz æn ɪɡˈzæmpəl ʌv ˈneɪtʃərz ekˈstrævəɡəns ənd soʊ ˈflætərɪŋ wɑːz hɜːr əˈtenʃən waɪl ˈrɑːbərt ɪkˈspleɪnd ðə ˈpraɪmeri ˈprɪnsəpəlz ʌv ˈkerɪŋ fɔːr triːz ðæt hiː ˈæktʃuːəli ˈɔːfərd tuː ʃoʊ hɜːr wʌn ʌv ðə trækts ɑːn ðə ɪˈsteɪt wɪtʃ hiː wɑːz ˈtriːtɪŋ/
Line 4
He could not,--he regretted to say, take her that morning.
Line 5
His other hobby was golf.
/hɪz ˈʌðər ˈhɑːbi wɑːz ɡɑːlf/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

extravagance noun US /ekˈstrævəɡəns/

the quality of exceeding the appropriate limits of decorum or probability or truth

From this reading “It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.”

Forestry noun US /ˈfɔːrəstri/

the science of planting and caring for forests and the management of growing timber

From this reading “She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.”

golf noun US /ɡɑːlf/

a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holes

From this reading “His other hobby was golf.”

hobby noun US /ˈhɑːbi/

an auxiliary activity

From this reading “His other hobby was golf.”

inexhaustible adjective US /ˌɪnɪɡˈzɔːstəbəl/

that cannot be entirely consumed or used up

From this reading “She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.”

nature's noun US /ˈneɪtʃərz/

possessive form of “nature” — the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading “It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.”

primary adjective US /ˈpraɪmeri/

of first rank or importance or value; direct and immediate rather than secondary

From this reading “It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.”

tracts noun US /trækts/

plural of “tract” — an extended area of land

From this reading “It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

actuallyadverbUS /ˈæktʃuːəli/

in actual fact

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

bobbies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

caringnounUS /ˈkerɪŋ/

a loving feeling

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He could not,--he regretted to say, take her that morning.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

explainedverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnd/

past form of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

extravagancenounUS /ekˈstrævəɡəns/

the quality of exceeding the appropriate limits of decorum or probability or truth

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

flatteringadjectiveUS /ˈflætərɪŋ/

showing or representing to advantage

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

ForestrynounUS /ˈfɔːrəstri/

the science of planting and caring for forests and the management of growing timber

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

golfnounUS /ɡɑːlf/

a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holes

From this reading His other hobby was golf.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His other hobby was golf.

hobbynounUS /ˈhɑːbi/

an auxiliary activity

From this reading His other hobby was golf.

Holt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

Honora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

inexhaustibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnɪɡˈzɔːstəbəl/

that cannot be entirely consumed or used up

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading He could not,--he regretted to say, take her that morning.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

nature'snounUS /ˈneɪtʃərz/

possessive form of “nature” — the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He could not,--he regretted to say, take her that morning.

occurredverbUS /əˈkɜːrd/

inflected form of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading His other hobby was golf.

primaryadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪmeri/

of first rank or importance or value; direct and immediate rather than secondary

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

regrettedverbUS /rɪˈɡretɪd/

inflected form of “regret” — feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about

From this reading He could not,--he regretted to say, take her that morning.

RobertnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading He could not,--he regretted to say, take her that morning.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading He could not,--he regretted to say, take her that morning.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

tractsnounUS /trækts/

plural of “tract” — an extended area of land

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

treatingverbUS /ˈtriːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “treat” — interact in a certain way

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Mr. Robert Holt, Honora learned at breakfast, had two bobbies.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading It had never occurred to her to think of a wild forest as an example of nature's extravagance, and so flattering was her attention while Robert explained the primary principles of caring for trees that he actually offered to show her one of the tracts on the estate which he was treating.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading She had never heard of what is called Forestry, and had always believed the wood of her country to be inexhaustible.

Chapter 8 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete by Winston Churchill holds 355 sentences, grouped into 71 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete contain?

Chapter 8 holds 355 sentences of A Modern Chronicle — Complete, unabridged, divided into 71 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete by Winston Churchill exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 355 sentences, grouped into 71 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of A Modern Chronicle — Complete?

Work through the 71 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 71 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Modern Chronicle — Complete

Common questions about reading A Modern Chronicle — Complete by Winston Churchill on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Modern Chronicle — Complete?

Yes. All 10653 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5382 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Modern Chronicle — Complete is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5382, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Modern Chronicle — Complete take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2131 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in A Modern Chronicle — Complete

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Modern Chronicle — Complete, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Saint
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Chronicle — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Louis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Chronicle — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Called
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Chronicle — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dealers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Chronicle — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.