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A Modern Madonna
A Modern Madonna

Chapter XIX

Cover illustration for A Modern Madonna
Context Illustration Reading 1/58 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IN THE TOILS September was almost over.
Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.
The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.
Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.
They were much upon the river in these days.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Modern Madonna

Chapter XIX

Reading 1/58 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN THE TOILS September was almost over.
Line 2
Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.
Line 3
The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.
Line 4
Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.
Line 5
They were much upon the river in these days.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Across preposition US /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading “The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.”

Half noun US /half/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.”

Here noun US /here/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.”

Might modal verb US /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading “Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “IN THE TOILS September was almost over.”

Seeing noun US /seeing/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.”

Still noun US /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “They were much upon the river in these days.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “They were much upon the river in these days.”

Well noun US /well/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

almost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE TOILS September was almost over.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

asters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

banks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

bent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

Black

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

blood-red

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

boatman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

branch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

brink

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

buried

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

cardinal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

climbing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

color

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were much upon the river in these days.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

eye

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

flaming

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

flower

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

fringed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

Golden-rod

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

grapevines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

greenery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

grew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

halfnounUS /half/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

HerenounUS /here/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN THE TOILS September was almost over.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

joy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

late

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

lay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

lifted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

line

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

low

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

luxuriance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

maple

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

menace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were much upon the river in these days.

nature-loving

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

needed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading IN THE TOILS September was almost over.

pass

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

peer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

pushing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

ran

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

red

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

riot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

rival

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

River

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

river's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

seeing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

September

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE TOILS September was almost over.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

stately

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

stillnounUS /still/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

sumach

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

suspiciously

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN THE TOILS September was almost over.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading They were much upon the river in these days.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were much upon the river in these days.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

threw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

TOILS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE TOILS September was almost over.

touch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there a sumach, blood-red, threw in a needed touch of color, or a maple lifted a flaming branch.

trees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

underbrush

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

undermined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading They were much upon the river in these days.

vivid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading IN THE TOILS September was almost over.

waters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

well

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were much upon the river in these days.

wild

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden-rod and wild asters fringed the low banks of Black River now, and the cardinal flower bent its stately head to peer suspiciously into the still waters, seeing there a line of red so vivid that it might well pass for a rival.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The grapevines in their late luxuriance ran riot, climbing over the underbrush that grew down to the river's brink and pushing out across old trees that had been undermined and lay half buried, a menace to the boatman, but a joy--with all this greenery over them--to a nature-loving eye.