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A Modern Madonna
A Modern Madonna

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of A Modern Madonna is here in full — 263 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/52 · 5 lines
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A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.
Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.
Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.
The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.
Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Modern Madonna

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of A Modern Madonna is here in full — 263 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/52 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.
/ə lɔːŋ pʊl ənd ə strɔːŋ pʊl ðæt ˈseʃən sɔː ə ˈkwaɪət pərˈsɪstənt ɪˈfektɪv kæmˈpeɪn weɪdʒd ɪn ðə ˈsɪti ʌv ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/
Line 2
Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.
/ˈmeni ˈwɪmən ˈlɪvɪŋ ðer naʊ wɪl rɪˈmɛm.bər ɪt fɔːr ˈmeni wɜːr ɪn ɪts ˈfɔːrfrʌnt ənd wʌt wiː pʊt aʊərˈselvz ˈɪntuː wiː duː nɑːt fərˈɡet/
Line 3
Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.
Line 4
The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.
/ðə bɪl enˈtaɪtəld æn ækt tuː əˈmend ðə lɔːz ʌv ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt ʌv kəˈlʌmbiə æz tuː ˈmerid ˈwɪmən tuː meɪk ˈperənts ðə ˈnætʃərəl ˈɡɑːrdiənz ʌv ðer ˈtʃɪldrən ənd fɔːr ˈʌðər ˈpɜːrpəsəz wɑːz ˌɪntrəˈduːst ɪn ðə ˈsenət ˈɜːrli ɪn ˈdʒænjuːeri ənd rəˈfɜːrd tuː ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt kəˈmɪti/
Line 5
Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.
/ðen ðə ˈtraɪəlz ʌv ðə ˈdʒentəlmɪn kəmˈpraɪzɪŋ ðə kəˈmɪti nɑːt tuː seɪ ðə hoʊl ˈsenət bɪˈɡæn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amend verb US /əˈmend/

make amendments to

From this reading “The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.”

comprising verb US /kəmˈpraɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “comprise” — be composed of

From this reading “Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.”

Congressional adjective US /kənˈɡreʃənəl/

of or relating to congress

From this reading “Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.”

forefront noun US /ˈfɔːrfrʌnt/

the part in the front or nearest the viewer

From this reading “Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.”

guardians noun US /ˈɡɑːrdiənz/

plural of “guardian” — a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading “The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.”

mutations noun US /mjuːˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “mutation” — (biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration

From this reading “Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.”

relegated verb US /ˈreləɡeɪtɪd/

past form of “relegate” — refer to another person for decision or judgment

From this reading “Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.”

waged verb US /weɪdʒd/

past form of “wage” — carry on (wars, battles, or campaigns)

From this reading “A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

greater number adjective + noun

In this reading “Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.”

natural guardians adjective + noun counted as “natural guardian”

In this reading “The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.”

private life adjective + noun

In this reading “Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.”

married women adjective + noun counted as “married woman”

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

In this reading “The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.”

Many men adjective + noun

In this reading “Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.”

other purposes adjective + noun counted as “other purpose”

In this reading “The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.”

in the city preposition + article + noun counted as “in … city”

In this reading “A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

amendverbUS /əˈmend/

make amendments to

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.

billnounUS /bɪl/

a statute in draft before it becomes law

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

campaignnounUS /kæmˈpeɪn/

a race between candidates for elective office

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

circlesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəlz/

plural of “circle” — ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

ColumbianounUS /kəˈlʌmbiə/

a North American river; rises in southwestern Canada and flows southward across Washington to form the border between Washington and Oregon before emptying into the Pacific; known for its salmon runs in the spring

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

CommitteenounUS /kəˈmɪti/

a special group delegated to consider some matter

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

comprisingverbUS /kəmˈpraɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “comprise” — be composed of

From this reading Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.

CongressionaladjectiveUS /kənˈɡreʃənəl/

of or relating to congress

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

continualadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəl/

recurring regularly or frequently in a prolonged and closely spaced series

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

DistrictnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

effectiveadjectiveUS /ɪˈfektɪv/

producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

entitledadjectiveUS /enˈtaɪtəld/

qualified for by right according to law

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

forefrontnounUS /ˈfɔːrfrʌnt/

the part in the front or nearest the viewer

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

forgetverbUS /fərˈɡet/

dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

generousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəs/

willing to give and share unstintingly

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

guardiansnounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiənz/

plural of “guardian” — a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

introducedverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːst/

past form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

judgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

LONGadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

mutationsnounUS /mjuːˈteɪʃənz/

plural of “mutation” — (biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

parentsnounUS /ˈperənts/

plural of “parent” — a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

persistentadjectiveUS /pərˈsɪstənt/

never-ceasing

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

politicsnounUS /ˈpɑːlətɪks/

social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

PULLverbUS /pʊl/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

purposesnounUS /ˈpɜːrpəsəz/

plural of “purpose” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

quietadjectiveUS /ˈkwaɪət/

characterized by an absence or near absence of agitation or activity

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

recallverbUS /ˈriːkɔːl/

recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

referredverbUS /rəˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

relegatedverbUS /ˈreləɡeɪtɪd/

past form of “relegate” — refer to another person for decision or judgment

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

remembrancenounUS /riˈmembrəns/

the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.

SenatenounUS /ˈsenət/

assembly possessing high legislative powers

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

sessionnounUS /ˈseʃən/

a meeting for execution of a group's functions

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

STRONGadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

trialsnounUS /ˈtraɪəlz/

plural of “trial” — the act of testing something

From this reading Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.

unjustadjectiveUS /ənˈdʒʌst/

not fair; marked by injustice or partiality or deception

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

wagedverbUS /weɪdʒd/

past form of “wage” — carry on (wars, battles, or campaigns)

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The bill entitled "An act to amend the laws of the District of Columbia as to married women, to make parents the natural guardians of their children, and for other purposes," was introduced in the Senate early in January, and referred to the District Committee.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading A LONG PULL AND A STRONG PULL That session saw a quiet, persistent, effective campaign waged in the city of Washington.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

weariedadjectiveUS /ˈwɪrid/

exhausted

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Then the trials of the gentlemen comprising the committee, not to say the whole Senate, began.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

widownounUS /ˈwɪdoʊ/

a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

From this reading Many men, too, some still in Congressional circles and some by the mutations of time and politics relegated to private life, may recall it,--not a few for the generous help they gave but a greater number as the unjust judge kept in remembrance the cause of the widow whose continual coming wearied him.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Many women living there now will remember it, for many were in its forefront, and what we put ourselves into we do not forget.

Chapter 31 of A Modern Madonna by Caroline Abbot Stanley holds 263 sentences, grouped into 53 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of A Modern Madonna contain?

Chapter 31 holds 263 sentences of A Modern Madonna, unabridged, divided into 53 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of A Modern Madonna by Caroline Abbot Stanley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 263 sentences, grouped into 53 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of A Modern Madonna?

Work through the 53 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 53 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Modern Madonna

Common questions about reading A Modern Madonna by Caroline Abbot Stanley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Modern Madonna?

Yes. All 7951 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #57418 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Modern Madonna is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #57418, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Modern Madonna take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1591 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Modern Madonna section by section

How to work through A Modern Madonna section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of A Modern Madonna to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Modern Madonna

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Modern Madonna, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Waiting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Madonna; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Throng
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Madonna; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
John's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Madonna; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Babble
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Madonna; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.