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A Modern Utopia
A Modern Utopia

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of A Modern Utopia is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.
There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.
It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.
He is the great primitive of modern Utopias, and Bellamy is his American equivalent.
Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Modern Utopia

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of A Modern Utopia is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.
Line 2
There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.
Line 3
It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.
Line 4
He is the great primitive of modern Utopias, and Bellamy is his American equivalent.
Line 5
Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Aristotle's noun US /ˈerəstɑːtəlz/

possessive form of “aristotle” — one of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers; pupil of Plato; teacher of Alexander the Great (384-322 BC)

From this reading “Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.”

Atlantis noun US /ætˈlæntɪs/

according to legend, an island in the Atlantic Ocean that Plato said was swallowed by an earthquake

From this reading “There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.”

barges noun US /ˈbɑːrdʒəz/

plural of “barge” — a flatbottom boat for carrying heavy loads (especially on canals)

From this reading “By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.”

inadvertence noun US /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtəns/

an unintentional omission resulting from failure to notice something

From this reading “By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.”

irksome adjective US /ˈɜːrksəm/

so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness

From this reading “It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.”

loyally adverb US /ˈlɔɪəli/

with loyalty; in a loyal manner

From this reading “By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.”

Utopian adjective US /juːˈtoʊpiən/

of or pertaining to or resembling a utopia

From this reading “It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.”

Utopias noun US /juːˈtoʊpiəz/

plural of “utopia” — a book written by Sir Thomas More (1516) describing the perfect society on an imaginary island

From this reading “By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1848

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading He is the great primitive of modern Utopias, and Bellamy is his American equivalent.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

Aristotle'snounUS /ˈerəstɑːtəlz/

possessive form of “aristotle” — one of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers; pupil of Plato; teacher of Alexander the Great (384-322 BC)

From this reading Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.

AtlantisnounUS /ætˈlæntɪs/

according to legend, an island in the Atlantic Ocean that Plato said was swallowed by an earthquake

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

bargesnounUS /ˈbɑːrdʒəz/

plural of “barge” — a flatbottom boat for carrying heavy loads (especially on canals)

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

Bellamy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He is the great primitive of modern Utopias, and Bellamy is his American equivalent.

Bknoun

a radioactive transuranic element; discovered by bombarding americium with helium

From this reading Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

Cabet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

clearlyadverbUS /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

commencedverbUS /kəˈmenst/

past form of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.

ennounUS /en/

half the width of an em

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

equivalentnounUS /ɪˈkwɪvələnt/

a person or thing equal to another in value or measure or force or effect or significance etc

From this reading He is the great primitive of modern Utopias, and Bellamy is his American equivalent.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

fabricnounUS /ˈfæbrɪk/

artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

FootnotenounUS /ˈfʊtnoʊt/

a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

foreshadowings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He is the great primitive of modern Utopias, and Bellamy is his American equivalent.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He is the great primitive of modern Utopias, and Bellamy is his American equivalent.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

HithertoadverbUS /ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

Icarie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

inadvertencenounUS /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtəns/

an unintentional omission resulting from failure to notice something

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

insistedverbUS /ˌɪnˈsɪstəd/

past form of “insist” — be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

irksomeadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrksəm/

so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

labours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

loyallyadverbUS /ˈlɔɪəli/

with loyalty; in a loyal manner

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

machinerynounUS /məˈʃiːnəri/

machines or machine systems collectively

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

mechanicaladjectiveUS /məˈkænɪkəl/

using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading He is the great primitive of modern Utopias, and Bellamy is his American equivalent.

MorrisnounUS /ˈmɔːrəs/

United States suffragist in Wyoming (1814-1902)

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

NewsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

nineteenthadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

NowherenounUS /ˈnoʊwer/

an insignificant place

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

Phaleas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.

PlatonounUS /ˈpleɪtoʊ/

ancient Athenian philosopher; pupil of Socrates; teacher of Aristotle (428-347 BC)

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

PoliticsnounUS /ˈpɑːlətɪks/

social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power

From this reading Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.

possibilitiesnounUS /ˌpɑːsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “possibility” — a future prospect or potential

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

primitiveadjectiveUS /ˈprɪmətɪv/

belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness

From this reading He is the great primitive of modern Utopias, and Bellamy is his American equivalent.

recognisedadjectiveUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/

provided with a secure reputation

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

restsnounUS /rests/

plural of “rest” — something left after other parts have been taken away

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

sheeradjectiveUS /ʃɪr/

complete and without restriction or qualification; sometimes used informally as intensifiers

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

slavenounUS /sleɪv/

a person who is owned by someone

From this reading Hitherto, either slave labour (Phaleas), [Footnote: Aristotle's Politics, Bk.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

such-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

toysnounUS /tɔɪz/

plural of “toy” — an artifact designed to be played with

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

traditionnounUS /trəˈdɪʃən/

an inherited pattern of thought or action

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

UtopianadjectiveUS /juːˈtoʊpiən/

of or pertaining to or resembling a utopia

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

UtopiasnounUS /juːˈtoʊpiəz/

plural of “utopia” — a book written by Sir Thomas More (1516) describing the perfect society on an imaginary island

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

VoyagenounUS /ˈvɔɪədʒ/

an act of traveling by water

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There are some foreshadowings of mechanical possibilities in the New Atlantis, but it is only in the nineteenth century that Utopias appeared in which the fact is clearly recognised that the social fabric rests no longer upon human labour.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading By sheer inadvertence, therefore, Plato commenced the tradition of Utopias without machinery, a tradition we find Morris still loyally following, except for certain mechanical barges and such-like toys, in his News from Nowhere.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading It was, I believe, Cabet [Footnote: Cabet, Voyage en Icarie, 1848.] who first in a Utopian work insisted upon the escape of man from irksome labours through the use of machinery.

Chapter 3 of A Modern Utopia by H. G. (Herbert George) Wells holds 417 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of A Modern Utopia contain?

Chapter 3 holds 417 sentences of A Modern Utopia, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of A Modern Utopia by H. G. (Herbert George) Wells exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 417 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of A Modern Utopia?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Modern Utopia

Common questions about reading A Modern Utopia by H. G. (Herbert George) Wells on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Modern Utopia?

Yes. All 3904 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6424 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Modern Utopia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6424, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Modern Utopia take to read?

About 325 minutes of reading across 781 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Modern Utopia section by section

How to work through A Modern Utopia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in A Modern Utopia

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Modern Utopia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Probability
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Utopia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Utopia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Utopia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Which--disregarding
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Modern Utopia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.