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A Natural History for Young People
A Natural History for Young People

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of A Natural History for Young People is here in full — 426 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TROGONS AND TURACOS.
The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.
Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.
They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.
The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Natural History for Young People

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of A Natural History for Young People is here in full — 426 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TROGONS AND TURACOS.
Line 2
The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.
Line 3
Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.
/ðer sɑːft ənd ˈsɪlki ˈpluːmədʒ ˈɡlɪtərz wɪð ðə moʊst ˈbrɪljənt hjuːz ənd ðer teɪlz ɑːr ekˈstriːmli lɔːŋ ənd ɪn sʌm ˈɪnstənsəz ˈveri ˈbjuːtəfli fɔːrmd/
Line 4
They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.
Line 5
The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bases noun US /ˈbeɪsəz/

plural of “base” — installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading “The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.”

beaks noun US /biːks/

plural of “beak” — beaklike mouth of animals other than birds (e.g., turtles)

From this reading “The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.”

Brazil noun US /brəˈzɪl/

the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter

From this reading “The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.”

glitters noun US /ˈɡlɪtərz/

plural of “glitter” — the quality of shining with a bright reflected light

From this reading “Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.”

hues noun US /hjuːz/

plural of “hue” — the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength

From this reading “Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.”

plumage noun US /ˈpluːmədʒ/

the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds

From this reading “Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.”

Resplendent adjective US /riˈsplendənt/

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading “The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.”

silky adjective US /ˈsɪlki/

having a smooth, gleaming surface reflecting light

From this reading “Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

brilliant hues adjective + noun counted as “brilliant hue”

In this reading “Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.”

beautifully formed adverb + adjective

In this reading “Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.”

most remarkable adverb + adjective

In this reading “The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.”

most brilliant adverb + adjective

In this reading “Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading TROGONS AND TURACOS.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

Barbets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

basesnounUS /ˈbeɪsəz/

plural of “base” — installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

beaksnounUS /biːks/

plural of “beak” — beaklike mouth of animals other than birds (e.g., turtles)

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

beautifullyadverbUS /ˈbjuːtəfli/

in a beautiful manner

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

BrazilnounUS /brəˈzɪl/

the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

Couroucous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

extremelyadverbUS /ekˈstriːmli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

glittersnounUS /ˈɡlɪtərz/

plural of “glitter” — the quality of shining with a bright reflected light

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

huesnounUS /hjuːz/

plural of “hue” — the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

instancesnounUS /ˈɪnstənsəz/

plural of “instance” — an occurrence of something

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

MexiconounUS /ˈmeksəkoʊ/

a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

peculiaradjectiveUS /pəˈkjuːljər/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

plumagenounUS /ˈpluːmədʒ/

the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

ResplendentadjectiveUS /riˈsplendənt/

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

silkyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪlki/

having a smooth, gleaming surface reflecting light

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

speciesnounUS /ˈspiːʃiz/

(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

tailsnounUS /teɪlz/

formalwear consisting of full evening dress for men

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They are sometimes called Couroucous because of their peculiar cry or call to each other.

Trogonnoun

forest bird of warm regions of the New World having brilliant lustrous plumage and long tails

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

TROGONS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TROGONS AND TURACOS.

TURACOS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TROGONS AND TURACOS.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Their soft and silky plumage glitters with the most brilliant hues, and their tails are extremely long and in some instances very beautifully formed.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The most remarkable species is the Resplendent Trogon, which is found both in Mexico and Brazil.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Trogons, like the Barbets, have the bases of their beaks covered with hair.

Chapter 8 of A Natural History for Young People by Phebe Westcott, -1939 Humphreys holds 426 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of A Natural History for Young People contain?

Chapter 8 holds 426 sentences of A Natural History for Young People, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of A Natural History for Young People by Phebe Westcott, -1939 Humphreys exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 426 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of A Natural History for Young People?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Natural History for Young People

Common questions about reading A Natural History for Young People by Phebe Westcott, -1939 Humphreys on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Natural History for Young People?

Yes. All 3790 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50776 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Natural History for Young People is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50776, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Natural History for Young People take to read?

About 315 minutes of reading across 758 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Natural History for Young People section by section

How to work through A Natural History for Young People section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of A Natural History for Young People to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Natural History for Young People

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Natural History for Young People, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Natural
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Natural History for Young People; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Natural History for Young People; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Natural History for Young People; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
People
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Natural History for Young People; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.