Chapter IX

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

come out better in a competition, race, or conflict

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

a period of 100 years

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

a painful and involuntary muscular contraction

From this reading THE TORPEDO, OR CRAMP FISH.

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

the fatty flesh of eel; an elongate fish found in fresh water in Europe and America; large eels are usually smoked or pickled

From this reading Like the Electrical Eel, this Fish has the power of producing violent electrical shocks.

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

relating to or concerned with electricity

From this reading Like the Electrical Eel, this Fish has the power of producing violent electrical shocks.

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

plural of “fin” — the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills

From this reading THE TORPEDO, OR CRAMP FISH.

someone whose occupation is catching fish

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Like the Electrical Eel, this Fish has the power of producing violent electrical shocks.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

an advocate of the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

not any; not one

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

widely known and esteemed

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE TORPEDO, OR CRAMP FISH.

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Like the Electrical Eel, this Fish has the power of producing violent electrical shocks.

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

a person who is the aim of an attack (especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation) by some hostile person or influence

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

-ing form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading Like the Electrical Eel, this Fish has the power of producing violent electrical shocks.

following in order to overtake or capture or as accompaniment to such pursuit

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

with respect to science; in a scientific way

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

third-person singular of “seize” — take hold of; grab

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

coming next after the sixteenth in position

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

plural of “shock” — the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally

From this reading Like the Electrical Eel, this Fish has the power of producing violent electrical shocks.

plural of “spine” — the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

plural of “swoop” — (music) rapid sliding up or down the musical scale

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

the posterior part of the body of a vertebrate especially when elongated and extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Like the Electrical Eel, this Fish has the power of producing violent electrical shocks.

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

a professional killer who uses a gun

From this reading THE TORPEDO, OR CRAMP FISH.

in a way that was not expected

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

a formal word for “on”

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

the act of using

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

acting with or marked by or resulting from great force or energy or emotional intensity

From this reading Like the Electrical Eel, this Fish has the power of producing violent electrical shocks.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

at the time that

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

which person or people

From this reading The electrical effects produced on the fisherman who seizes one of these Fish, were noted from early times; but Redi, the Italian Naturalist of the seventeenth century, was the first who studied them scientifically.

a means of flight or ascent

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

in the company of; together with

From this reading When pursuing their prey they use their great fins which resemble wings, and with these and their tail, they beat the waters in order to fall unexpectedly upon their prey, as the Eagle swoops upon its victim.

an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading The Torpedo has no spines which can wound, but it has a much more powerful weapon of defence.