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A New Aristocracy
A New Aristocracy

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of A New Aristocracy is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
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The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.
In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.
The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.
The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.
If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A New Aristocracy

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of A New Aristocracy is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.
Line 2
In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.
/ɪn wʌn pərˈtɪkjələr ɪt wɑːz ˈsʌmˈwʌt juːˈniːk ˈevriθɪŋ wɑːz ˈdʒenjəwən frʌm ðə oʊld ˈmæstərz tuː ðə spuːnz/
Line 3
The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.
Line 4
The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.
/ðə tʃaɪld ʌv ˈwelθi ənd ərˌɪstəˈkrætɪk ˈperənts ɪn huːm ðə oʊld noʊˈbles əˈblaɪdʒ hæd ˈteɪkən diːp ruːt ʃiː hæd ɡroʊn tuː lʊk əˈpɑːn hɜːr ˈsteɪʃən ɪn laɪf æz ðə ˈaʊtɡroʊθ ʌv ə ˈsɜːrtən fɪkst lɔː wɪtʃ bɪˈstoʊz əˈpɑːn men ðə pəˈzɪʃənz fɔːr wɪtʃ ðeɪ ɑːr best ˈfɪtəd/
Line 5
If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.
/ɪf ðer wɜːr ˈsʌfərɪŋ ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ ˈmɔːrtəlz ɑːn pleɪnz fɑːr bɪˈloʊ hərz ɪn ˈsoʊʃəl ædˈvæntɪdʒɪz noʊ daʊt ðə ˈsʌfərɪŋz ərˈoʊz ˈprɪnsɪpli frʌm ðer ˈefərts tuː fɪt ðemˈselvz ˈɪntuː ˈnɪtʃɪz fɔːr wɪtʃ ðeɪ wɜːr nɑːt meɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

believer noun US /bəˈliːvər/

a supporter who accepts something as true

From this reading “The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.”

bestows verb US /bɪˈstoʊz/

third-person singular of “bestow” — present

From this reading “The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.”

distinguishing verb US /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “distinguish” — mark as different

From this reading “The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.”

draperies noun US /ˈdreɪpəriz/

plural of “drapery” — hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)

From this reading “The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.”

niches noun US /ˈnɪtʃɪz/

plural of “niche” — a position particularly well suited to the person who occupies it

From this reading “If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.”

noblesse noun US /noʊˈbles/

the state of being of noble birth

From this reading “The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.”

outgrowth noun US /ˈaʊtɡroʊθ/

a natural consequence of development

From this reading “The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.”

tinsel verb US /ˈtɪnsəl/

impart a cheap brightness to

From this reading “The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

distinguishing characteristics verb + noun counted as “distinguish characteristic”

In this reading “The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.”

bestows upon verb + particle counted as “bestow upon”

In this reading “The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.”

deep root adjective + noun

In this reading “The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.”

old masters adjective + noun

In this reading “In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.”

fair mistress adjective + noun

In this reading “The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.”

look upon verb + particle

look on as or consider

In this reading “The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

advantagesnounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒɪz/

plural of “advantage” — the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

ardentadjectiveUS /ˈɑːrdənt/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

aristocraticadjectiveUS /ərˌɪstəˈkrætɪk/

belonging to or characteristic of the nobility or aristocracy

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

aroseverbUS /ərˈoʊz/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

believernounUS /bəˈliːvər/

a supporter who accepts something as true

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

bestowsverbUS /bɪˈstoʊz/

third-person singular of “bestow” — present

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

bric-à-brac

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

characteristicsnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪks/

plural of “characteristic” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

crownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

culturenounUS /ˈkʌltʃər/

a particular society at a particular time and place

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

distinguishingverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “distinguish” — mark as different

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

divineadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪn/

emanating from God

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

draperiesnounUS /ˈdreɪpəriz/

plural of “drapery” — hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

effortsnounUS /ˈefərts/

plural of “effort” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

fitverbUS /fɪt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

fittedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtəd/

being the right size and shape to fit as desired

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

furniturenounUS /ˈfɜːrnɪtʃər/

furnishings that make a room or other area ready for occupancy

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

genuineadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenjəwən/

not fake or counterfeit

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

hatedadjectiveUS /ˈheɪtəd/

treated with dislike or contempt

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

HelennounUS /ˈhelən/

(Greek mythology) the beautiful daughter of Zeus and Leda who was abducted by Paris; the Greek army sailed to Troy to get her back which resulted in the Trojan War

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

herspronounUS /hərz/

the one or ones belonging to her

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

kingsnounUS /kɪŋz/

plural of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

mansionnounUS /ˈmænʃən/

(astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

MasonnounUS /ˈmeɪsən/

American Revolutionary leader from Virginia whose objections led to the drafting of the Bill of Rights (1725-1792)

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

mastersnounUS /ˈmæstərz/

United States poet (1869-1950)

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

mistressnounUS /ˈmɪstrəs/

an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

mortalsnounUS /ˈmɔːrtəlz/

plural of “mortal” — a human being

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

nichesnounUS /ˈnɪtʃɪz/

plural of “niche” — a position particularly well suited to the person who occupies it

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

noblessenounUS /noʊˈbles/

the state of being of noble birth

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

obligeverbUS /əˈblaɪdʒ/

force somebody to do something

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

outgrowthnounUS /ˈaʊtɡroʊθ/

a natural consequence of development

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

parentsnounUS /ˈperənts/

plural of “parent” — a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

picturesnounUS /ˈpɪktʃərz/

plural of “picture” — a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

planesnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plane” — an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

positionsnounUS /pəˈzɪʃənz/

plural of “position” — the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

pretencenoun

a false or unsupportable quality

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

principallyadverbUS /ˈprɪnsɪpli/

for the most part

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

recognizedadjectiveUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

rootnounUS /ruːt/

(botany) the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

spoonsnounUS /spuːnz/

plural of “spoon” — a piece of cutlery with a shallow bowl-shaped container and a handle; used to stir or serve or take up food

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

stationnounUS /ˈsteɪʃən/

a facility equipped with special equipment and personnel for a particular purpose

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

strugglingadjectiveUS /ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ/

engaged in a struggle to overcome especially poverty or obscurity

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

sufferingnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/

a state of acute pain

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

sufferingsnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋz/

plural of “suffering” — a state of acute pain

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

tinselverbUS /ˈtɪnsəl/

impart a cheap brightness to

From this reading The fair mistress of the house hated pretence, and although an ardent believer in the divine right of kings, she recognized none of them in a tinsel crown.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

treasurenounUS /ˈtreʒər/

accumulated wealth in the form of money or jewels etc.

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

uniqueadjectiveUS /juːˈniːk/

radically distinctive and without equal

From this reading In one particular it was somewhat unique; everything was genuine, from the old masters to the spoons.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading The mansion of Helen Mason was a treasure house of art in pictures, draperies, furniture, bric-à-brac, and all those distinguishing characteristics of wealth and culture.

wealthyadjectiveUS /ˈwelθi/

having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading If there were suffering, struggling mortals on planes far below hers in social advantages, no doubt the sufferings arose principally from their efforts to fit themselves into niches for which they were not made.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The child of wealthy and aristocratic parents, in whom the old noblesse oblige had taken deep root, she had grown to look upon her station in life as the outgrowth of a certain fixed law which bestows upon men the positions for which they are best fitted.

Chapter 11 of A New Aristocracy by Alice E. (Alice Elinor) Bartlett holds 124 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of A New Aristocracy contain?

Chapter 11 holds 124 sentences of A New Aristocracy, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of A New Aristocracy by Alice E. (Alice Elinor) Bartlett exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 124 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of A New Aristocracy?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A New Aristocracy

Common questions about reading A New Aristocracy by Alice E. (Alice Elinor) Bartlett on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A New Aristocracy?

Yes. All 4485 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #67738 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A New Aristocracy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #67738, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A New Aristocracy take to read?

About 373 minutes of reading across 897 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through A New Aristocracy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A New Aristocracy

Words and structures a reader meets early in A New Aristocracy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Aristocracy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A New Aristocracy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Birch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A New Aristocracy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Arnold
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A New Aristocracy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A New Aristocracy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.