Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory
A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory is here in full — 142 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.
She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.
Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.
I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.
This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory is here in full — 142 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.
/maɪ ˈsɪstər ˌhaʊˈevər kerd mɔːr tuː wɑːtʃ ðə ˈnætʃərəl dɪˈveləpmənt ʌv ˈaʊər maɪndz ðæn tuː meɪk ʌs ˈfɑːloʊ ðə dərˈekʃən ʌv hərz/
Line 2
She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.
/ʃiː wɑːz ˈrɪli ˈaʊər ˈtiːtʃər ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ʃiː ˈnevər əˈsuːmd ðæt pəˈzɪʃən/
Line 3
Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.
Line 4
I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.
/aɪ θɪŋk ʃiː wɑːz dɪˈtɜːrmənd ðæt wiː ʃʊd nɑːt biː ˈmentəli dɪˈfrɔːdɪd baɪ ðə ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz wɪtʃ hæd meɪd ɪt ˈnesəseri fɔːr ʌs tuː bɪˈɡɪn soʊ ˈɜːrli tuː wɪn ˈaʊər ˈdeɪli bred/
Line 5
This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

applies verb US /əˈplaɪz/

third-person singular of “apply” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading “This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.”

capabilities noun US /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “capability” — the quality of being capable -- physically or intellectually or legally

From this reading “Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.”

defrauded verb US /dɪˈfrɔːdɪd/

past form of “defraud” — deprive of by deceit

From this reading “I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.”

drifted verb US /ˈdrɪftəd/

past form of “drift” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading “This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.”

homes noun US /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading “This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.”

Lowell noun US /ˈloʊəl/

United States poet (1917-1977)

From this reading “This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.”

mentally adverb US /ˈmentəli/

in your mind

From this reading “I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.”

occupations noun US /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃənz/

plural of “occupation” — the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading “This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

appliesverbUS /əˈplaɪz/

third-person singular of “apply” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

assumedadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

attendverbUS /əˈtend/

be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

breadnounUS /bred/

food made from dough of flour or meal and usually raised with yeast or baking powder and then baked

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

capabilitiesnounUS /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “capability” — the quality of being capable -- physically or intellectually or legally

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

caredverbUS /kerd/

past form of “care” — feel concern or interest

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

CertainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

defraudedverbUS /dɪˈfrɔːdɪd/

past form of “defraud” — deprive of by deceit

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

driftedverbUS /ˈdrɪftəd/

past form of “drift” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

herspronounUS /hərz/

the one or ones belonging to her

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

homesnounUS /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

LowellnounUS /ˈloʊəl/

United States poet (1917-1977)

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

mentallyadverbUS /ˈmentəli/

in your mind

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

mindsnounUS /maɪndz/

plural of “mind” — that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

occupationsnounUS /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃənz/

plural of “occupation” — the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.

remarknounUS /rɪˈmɑːrk/

a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

sistersnounUS /ˈsɪstərz/

plural of “sister” — a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

spindles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

teachernounUS /ˈtiːtʃər/

a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She was really our teacher, although she never assumed that position.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading My sister, however, cared more to watch the natural development of our minds than to make us follow the direction of hers.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Certainly I learned more from her about my own capabilities, and how I might put them to use, than I could have done at any school we knew of, had it been possible for me to attend one.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

wheelsnounUS /wiːlz/

plural of “wheel” — a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

whirnoun

sound of something in rapid motion

From this reading This remark applies especially to me, as my older sisters (only two or three of them had come to Lowell) soon drifted away from us into their own new homes or occupations, and she and I were left together amid the whir of spindles and wheels.

winverbUS /wɪn/

be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious

From this reading I think she was determined that we should not be mentally defrauded by the circumstances which had made it necessary for us to begin so early to win our daily bread.

Chapter 12 of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory by Lucy Larcom holds 142 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory contain?

Chapter 12 holds 142 sentences of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory by Lucy Larcom exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 142 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory

Common questions about reading A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory by Lucy Larcom on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory?

Yes. All 2698 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2293 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2293, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory take to read?

About 224 minutes of reading across 540 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory section by section

How to work through A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory

Words and structures a reader meets early in A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dedicated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sketch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Girlfriends
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
General
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A New England Girlhood, Outlined from Memory; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.