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A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill
A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.
Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.
He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.
He was now fully decided to be a burglar.
To be sure there were extenuating circumstances for Chick.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.
/wen mɪs ˈleɪdi hæd ˈtʃæmpiənd ðə kɑːz ʌv ðə əˈprest ðæt ˌæftərˈnuːn ʃiː hæd ənˈnoʊɪŋli spɔɪld ə ˈkrɪmənəl ɪn ðə ˈmeɪkɪŋ/
Line 2
Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.
Line 3
He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.
/hiː hæd ɔːlˈredi əˈtʃiːvd tuː əˈpɪrənsəz ɪn ðə ˈdʒuːvənəl kɔːrt ənd tuː deɪz ɪn ðə dɪˈtenʃən hoʊm/
Line 4
He was now fully decided to be a burglar.
/hiː wɑːz naʊ ˈfʊli ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd tuː biː ə ˈbɝː.ɡlɚ/
Line 5
To be sure there were extenuating circumstances for Chick.
/tuː biː ʃʊr ðer wɜːr ɪkˈstenjuːeɪtɪŋ ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz fɔːr tʃɪk/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

burglar noun US /ˈbɝː.ɡlɚ/

A person who commits illegal entry into a building with intent to steal valuable treasures.

From this reading “He was now fully decided to be a burglar.”

championed verb US /ˈtʃæmpiənd/

past form of “champion” — protect or fight for as a champion

From this reading “When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.”

Chick noun US /tʃɪk/

young bird especially of domestic fowl

From this reading “Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.”

dedicated adjective US /ˈdedəkeɪtəd/

devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose

From this reading “Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.”

Detention noun US /dɪˈtenʃən/

a state of being confined (usually for a short time)

From this reading “He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.”

extenuating adjective US /ɪkˈstenjuːeɪtɪŋ/

partially excusing or justifying

From this reading “To be sure there were extenuating circumstances for Chick.”

Juvenile adjective US /ˈdʒuːvənəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or appropriate for children or young people

From this reading “He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.”

unknowingly adverb US /ənˈnoʊɪŋli/

without knowledge or intention

From this reading “When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

achievedverbUS /əˈtʃiːvd/

past form of “achieve” — to gain with effort

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

appearancesnounUS /əˈpɪrənsəz/

plural of “appearance” — outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He was now fully decided to be a burglar.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

burglarnounUS /ˈbɝː.ɡlɚ/

A person who commits illegal entry into a building with intent to steal valuable treasures.

From this reading He was now fully decided to be a burglar.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

championedverbUS /ˈtʃæmpiənd/

past form of “champion” — protect or fight for as a champion

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

ChicknounUS /tʃɪk/

young bird especially of domestic fowl

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading To be sure there were extenuating circumstances for Chick.

conditionsnounUS /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

criminaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪmənəl/

bringing or deserving severe rebuke or censure

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading He was now fully decided to be a burglar.

dedicatedadjectiveUS /ˈdedəkeɪtəd/

devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

DetentionnounUS /dɪˈtenʃən/

a state of being confined (usually for a short time)

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

elevenadjectiveUS /ɪˈlevən/

being one more than ten

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

extenuatingadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstenjuːeɪtɪŋ/

partially excusing or justifying

From this reading To be sure there were extenuating circumstances for Chick.

Flathers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading To be sure there were extenuating circumstances for Chick.

fullyadverbUS /ˈfʊli/

to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)

From this reading He was now fully decided to be a burglar.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

HomenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

impressedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprest/

deeply or markedly affected or influenced

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

injusticenounUS /ˌɪnˈdʒʌstɪs/

an unjust act

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

JuvenileadjectiveUS /ˈdʒuːvənəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or appropriate for children or young people

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading He was now fully decided to be a burglar.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

oppressedadjectiveUS /əˈprest/

burdened psychologically or mentally

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

spoiledadjectiveUS /spɔɪld/

having the character or disposition harmed by pampering or oversolicitous attention

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading To be sure there were extenuating circumstances for Chick.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading To be sure there were extenuating circumstances for Chick.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Chick Flathers, at the advanced age of eleven, had been so impressed by the injustice of social conditions that he had dedicated himself to a life of crime.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading He had already achieved two appearances in the Juvenile Court, and two days in the Detention Home.

unknowinglyadverbUS /ənˈnoʊɪŋli/

without knowledge or intention

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was now fully decided to be a burglar.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading To be sure there were extenuating circumstances for Chick.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Miss Lady had championed the cause of the oppressed that afternoon, she had unknowingly spoiled a criminal in the making.

Chapter 4 of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill by Alice Caldwell Hegan Rice holds 159 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill contain?

Chapter 4 holds 159 sentences of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill by Alice Caldwell Hegan Rice exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 159 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill

Common questions about reading A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill by Alice Caldwell Hegan Rice on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill?

Yes. All 5589 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6635 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6635, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill take to read?

About 465 minutes of reading across 1118 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill section by section

How to work through A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Springtime
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kentucky
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Irresponsible
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Southern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Romance of Billy-Goat Hill; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.