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A Son of the Sahara
A Son of the Sahara

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of A Son of the Sahara is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for A Son of the Sahara
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.
Many years had passed since it had last hung there.
Nowadays, the place was not used.
The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.
It was getting on towards evening.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Son of the Sahara

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of A Son of the Sahara is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.
Line 2
Many years had passed since it had last hung there.
/ˈmeni jɪrz hæd pæst sɪns ɪt hæd læst hʌŋ ðer/
Line 3
Nowadays, the place was not used.
/ˈnaʊədeɪz ðə pleɪs wɑːz nɑːt juːzd/
Line 4
The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.
/ðə ˈkʌntri wɑːz tuː ˈpiːsfəl tuː niːd fɔːrts ənd ðə ˈdɪstrɪkt ˈɔːfəsər lɪvd ɪn ə ˈkɔːrəɡeɪtɪd ˈaɪərn ˈbʌŋɡəloʊ dʒʌst bɪˈɑːnd ðə rɪˈmeɪnz ʌv ðə ˈstɑːkeɪd/
Line 5
It was getting on towards evening.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈɡetɪŋ ɑːn təˈwɔːrdz ˈiːvnɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bungalow noun US /ˈbʌŋɡəloʊ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading “The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.”

corrugated adjective US /ˈkɔːrəɡeɪtɪd/

shaped into alternating parallel grooves and ridges

From this reading “The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.”

district noun US /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading “The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.”

drooped verb US /druːpt/

past form of “droop” — droop, sink, or settle from or as if from pressure or loss of tautness

From this reading “Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.”

forts noun US /fɔːrts/

plural of “fort” — a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading “The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.”

Nowadays noun US /ˈnaʊədeɪz/

the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading “Nowadays, the place was not used.”

peaceful adjective US /ˈpiːsfəl/

not disturbed by strife or turmoil or war

From this reading “The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.”

stockade noun US /ˈstɑːkeɪd/

fortification consisting of a fence made of a line of stout posts set firmly for defense

From this reading “The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Many years adjective + noun

In this reading “Many years had passed since it had last hung there.”

towards evening preposition + noun

In this reading “It was getting on towards evening.”

passed since verb + particle counted as “pass since”

In this reading “Many years had passed since it had last hung there.”

lived in verb + particle counted as “live in”

live in the house where one works

In this reading “The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.”

All words in this reading · 48

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

bungalownounUS /ˈbʌŋɡəloʊ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

corrugatedadjectiveUS /ˈkɔːrəɡeɪtɪd/

shaped into alternating parallel grooves and ridges

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

districtnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

droopedverbUS /druːpt/

past form of “droop” — droop, sink, or settle from or as if from pressure or loss of tautness

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading It was getting on towards evening.

flagnounUS /flæɡ/

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

fortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

fortsnounUS /fɔːrts/

plural of “fort” — a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading It was getting on towards evening.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Many years had passed since it had last hung there.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading Many years had passed since it had last hung there.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Many years had passed since it had last hung there.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Many years had passed since it had last hung there.

limplyadverb

without rigidity

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many years had passed since it had last hung there.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Nowadays, the place was not used.

NowadaysnounUS /ˈnaʊədeɪz/

the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading Nowadays, the place was not used.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was getting on towards evening.

OverprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Many years had passed since it had last hung there.

peacefuladjectiveUS /ˈpiːsfəl/

not disturbed by strife or turmoil or war

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Nowadays, the place was not used.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Many years had passed since it had last hung there.

stockadenounUS /ˈstɑːkeɪd/

fortification consisting of a fence made of a line of stout posts set firmly for defense

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Over the old fort near the river the British flag drooped limply.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Many years had passed since it had last hung there.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The country was too peaceful to need forts, and the district officer lived in a corrugated iron bungalow just beyond the remains of the stockade.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading It was getting on towards evening.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Nowadays, the place was not used.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Nowadays, the place was not used.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Many years had passed since it had last hung there.

Chapter 21 of A Son of the Sahara by Louise Gerard holds 93 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of A Son of the Sahara contain?

Chapter 21 holds 93 sentences of A Son of the Sahara, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of A Son of the Sahara by Louise Gerard exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 93 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of A Son of the Sahara?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading A Son of the Sahara

Common questions about reading A Son of the Sahara by Louise Gerard on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of A Son of the Sahara?

Yes. All 5837 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36914 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of A Son of the Sahara is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36914, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does A Son of the Sahara take to read?

About 486 minutes of reading across 1168 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read A Son of the Sahara section by section

How to work through A Son of the Sahara section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of A Son of the Sahara to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in A Son of the Sahara

Words and structures a reader meets early in A Son of the Sahara, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

France
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Son of the Sahara; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pursuing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Son of the Sahara; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Vigorous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Son of the Sahara; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of A Son of the Sahara; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.