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A Strange Story — Volume 01
A Strange Story — Volume 01

Chapter III

Cover illustration for A Strange Story — Volume 01
Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.
Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.
To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.
About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.
And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Strange Story — Volume 01

Chapter III

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.
Line 2
Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.
Line 3
To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.
Line 4
About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.
Line 5
And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.”

Argument noun US /ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/

a reason or example used to support an idea

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

Because conjunction US /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.”

Believe noun US /ˈbelieve/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.”

Beyond preposition US /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading “And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.”

Least noun US /least/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.”

Mind noun US /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

Myself pronoun US /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

Perhaps noun US /perhaps/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

Philosophy noun US /fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi/

The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence. (Triết học, đạo lý nhân sinh.)

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

Point noun US /pɔɪnt/

the main matter or purpose being discussed

From this reading “Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.”

Suddenly noun US /ˈsuddenly/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.”

All words in this reading · 136

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

additional

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

advocate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

afflicted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

appeared

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

ardent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

argumentnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/

a reason or example used to support an idea

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

asserter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

attached

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

audacious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

became

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

believenounUS /ˈbelieve/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

believer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

bereavement

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

built

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

certain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

clairvoyance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

condescends

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

consoled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

controversy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

credulous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

culminating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

curative

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

directing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

disciple

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

dispute

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

doctrines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

enthusiastic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

existence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

faith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

fantasies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

fortunes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

founded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

gift

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

grave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

greeted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

hard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

hopes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

ill-fated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

imprudence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

independent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

invaluable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

involved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

Just

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

L

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

leastnounUS /least/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

Lloyd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

loss

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

many

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

matter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

Mesmer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

mesmerism

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

metaphysics

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

mindnounUS /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

modern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

opposed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

organizations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

perhaps

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

phenomena

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

philosophynounUS /fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi/

The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence. (Triết học, đạo lý nhân sinh.)

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

physiological

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

the main matter or purpose being discussed

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

privileged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

process

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

proclaim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

professional

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

proofs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

purely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

Puysegur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

rather

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

reality

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

recognized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

render

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

replace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

served

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

six

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

somnambular

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

soul

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

spiritual

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

sternly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

substantiated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

suddenlynounUS /ˈsuddenly/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

superstructure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

system

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

tenderly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

thereon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

times

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Just as this ill-fated man appeared at the culminating point of his professional fortunes, he had the imprudence to proclaim himself not only an enthusiastic advocate of mesmerism as a curative process, but an ardent believer of the reality of somnambular clairvoyance as an invaluable gift of certain privileged organizations.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

wife

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

world

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And this bereavement, in directing the hopes that consoled him to a world beyond the grave, had served perhaps to render him more credulous of the phenomena in which he greeted additional proofs of purely spiritual existence.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading To these doctrines I sternly opposed myself,--the more sternly, perhaps, because on these doctrines Dr. Lloyd founded an argument for the existence of soul, independent of mind, as of matter, and built thereon a superstructure of physiological fantasies, which, could it be substantiated, would replace every system of metaphysics on which recognized philosophy condescends to dispute.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had been about six years at L---- when I became suddenly involved in a controversy with Dr. Lloyd.

younger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading About two years before he became a disciple rather of Puysegur than Mesmer (for Mesmer hard little faith in that gift of clairvoyance of which Puysegur was, I believe, at least in modern times, the first audacious asserter), Dr. Lloyd had been afflicted with the loss of a wife many years younger than himself, and to whom he had been tenderly attached.