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A Struggle for Rome, V. 1
A Struggle for Rome, V. 1

Chapter XXX

Cover illustration for A Struggle for Rome, V. 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/48 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.
This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.
It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.
In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.
There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Struggle for Rome, V. 1

Chapter XXX

Reading 1/48 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.
Line 2
This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.
Line 3
It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.
Line 4
In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.
Line 5
There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.”

Below preposition US /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading “It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.”

Different noun US /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.”

Divided noun US /ˈdivided/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.”

Right noun US /right/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.”

Stood noun US /stood/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.”

Towards preposition US /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading “Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

arched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

avoiding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

battlements

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

beautiful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

Capuana

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

chambers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

close

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

daughter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.

differentnounUS /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

dividednounUS /ˈdivided/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

dwelling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

gate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

gate-keeper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.

hurried

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

inner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

intended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

Isaac

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

Jew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.

Jewish

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

lived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.

low

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

massive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

Miriam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

parts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

populated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

Porta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

rightnounUS /right/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

roof

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

roomy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

smaller

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

stoodnounUS /stood/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

stories

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

story

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

strong

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

suburbs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

There

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.

thickly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

top

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

Totila

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

tower

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

town

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Totila, avoiding the more thickly populated parts of the inner town, hurried through the suburbs towards the Porta Capuana and the tower of Isaac, the Jewish gate-keeper.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

walls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This tower stood on the right of the gate, and had strong walls and a massive arched roof.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was divided into different stories, each being smaller than the one below it.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In the top story, close to the battlements, were two low but roomy chambers, intended for the dwelling of the gate-keeper.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There lived the old Jew, with Miriam, his beautiful daughter.